[ ! 47 ] 
embers, various fpecies of the roots of lilies. The 
Tartars colled; and dry the roots of the dens cants * 
of the botanifts, and boil them either with milk or 
broth, and confider them as very nutritious food. 
This root certainly is in every refped nearly related 
to Salep. 
The Sibirian hunters, who kill various animals for 
their fur, are obliged to go in fearch of them into the 
mod; defart parts of the country, and remain there du- 
ring their dreadful winters. It happens often, that, 
from the intenfenefs of the cold, the leaven, which 
ferments their bread, is fpoiled, and ceafes to be of ufe. 
In this cafe they colled the inner bark of the larch- 
tree, which is very juicy and fweet, and cut it into 
fmall pieces, and digeft it over the fire in warm wa- 
ter. They then add thereto fome rye-flour, bury 
the whole in the fnow, and let it remain there twelve 
hours ; in which time the fermentation begins, and 
the faeces, which fall to the bottom, made excellent 
leaven. 
Both the Ruffians and the people of Kamtfchatka 
make great ufe of the § fphondylium vulgare hirfutum 
of Cafpar Bauhin and Tournefortj or, what we ufually 
call, cow-parfnep. According to our author, the plant 
in queftion differs in nothing from that fpecies, very 
frequently met with in the meadows and paftures both 
of Germany and England, but in its being much larger. 
This difference of ffze the Ruffian kind conftantly 
preferves, 
* Erythronium. Linnai Hart. Cliff, p. ug. Flor. Sibiric. 
Tom. I. p. 39. 
§ Heracleum foliolis pinnatifidis. Lin. Hort. Cliff, p. 103. 
Flor. Sibir. Tom. I. p. 213. Sphondylium. Rivin, Tab. IV. 
T 2 
