6 
denudation. Wherever they rise above a certain elevation they 
are always capped by this horizontal sandstone, which itself has 
been very much denuded. Sometimes they lie in thick beds, as 
at the gap of the Endeavour Eiver (see outline sketch No. 2) or 
at the Dalrymple Range. Again they occur as mere outliers at 
the top of a hill, as at Mount Platform (outline sketch No. 3), 
and Connor’s Nob (sketch No. 4). The whole of the country is 
so modified by these sandstones as to give it a marked character ; 
and as this formation must not only be extensive, but also bear a 
permanent geological character, I shall refer to it subsequently 
as the Dalrymple sandstones, after the range in which they are 
so well developed, and the explorer who first mapped so much of 
this region. They are found in certain places to contain fossils, 
I believe, of plant remains only, and these of a fragmentary 
character. What little could be made out concerning them is 
that they are similar in form, like the stone in which they are 
embedded, to the plant remains in the Hawkesbury sandstones. 
I do not pretend to settle the question at once of the identity of 
the two formations, though the similarity is very great ; and for 
this reason I keep the names for the present distinct. Though 
the Dalrymple sandstones appear horizontal, yet when the 
formation is traced over large areas a gradual dip to the north- 
east may be observed. This observation was made to me first by 
Mr. Robert Jack, the Government Geologist, and it was con- * 
firmed by all that I saw. Mr. Jack has traced the formation as 
far north as near Princess Charlotte’s Bay. It extends inland 
for a very considerable distance, but appearing only at intervals 
in small patches as outliers, or unconformably upon the upturned 
paleozoic slates, schists, and quartz reefs, with conglomerates # 
between. 
At Indian Head, the junction of the paleozoic rocks and 
Dalrymple sandstones is very plainly visible. They are quite 
unconformable to one another. The paleozoic rocks are curved 
and twisted ; there is a thin seam of conglomerate at the 
junction, and then the sandstones ensue in horizontal strata. A 
little beyond Indian Head, there is a point of rock at the level 
of the sea of a most interesting character. It is the core of one 
of the folds of the paleozoic strata. Near its junction with the 
land the strata are almost vertical, but, as they are followed 
towards the sea, they gradually curve more and more until they 
become horizontal, as shown in the accompanying sketch, No. 5. 
Beyond this point the northern side of Indian Head shows the 
folds of the paleozoic strata very clearly. 
The next point beyond Indian Head is Cape Bedford. It 
consists of a peninsula formed of two hills, one round topped, 
and the outer one flat on the summit. Both are capped with 
outliers of the Dalrymple sandstones lying upon the usual 
paleozoic strata. 
To the north of Indian Head, and between it and Cape 
Bedford, there is a stretch of about eight or nine miles of sand 
hummocks. They are white and red, but the white sand predo- 
