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Psyche 
[Vol. 88 
and nymphs failed to respond when a single ant removed an egg or 
ate a newly hatched first instar nymph. Ants carried tiny nymphs 
away from the brood, and the release of alarm pheromone was 
apparently not detected. When two or more ants moved in front of a 
brooding female, she responded with wing fanning and moved her 
body over the egg mass. Orius insidiosus nymphs, which were about 
the size of second instar G. solani nymphs, attacked their victims by 
penetrating intersegmental membranes. O. insidiosus was not al- 
ways detected by the brooding female or nymphs, perhaps because 
the site of penetration was often in the coxal area rather than on the 
abdomen. When an attack occurred in front of a brooding female, 
she responded by fanning her wings and prodding the anthocorid 
with her head. Anthocorids responded by remaining motionless for 
periods of up to 55 minutes in length. 
An attendant female responded to a coccinellid by rushing at it, 
fanning her wings, and, occasionally, by prodding it with her head. 
In 5 experiments with the adult coccinellid Hippodamia convergens, 
first and second instar nymphs were killed each time. In 3 of those 
encounters, the adult female lace bug was successful in driving away 
the coccinellid, preventing further loss of nymphs. In 2 encounters 
with starved coccinellids, the female lace bug was not able to drive 
the attacker away. The remaining nymphs survived because they 
fled apparently in response to an alarm pheromone released by 
crushed nymphs. In 3 encounters with the coccinellid Olla abdomi- 
nalis, the female lace bug chased the approaching beetle successfully 
(Fig. 4); however, the beetle did not attack any nymphs or show 
much interest in them. 
Controlling Nymphs 
Females used wing fanning in their interactions with the nymphs. 
On at least 6 occasions, the attendant female went ahead of the 
moving aggregation and waited on the new leaf for the nymphs to 
arrive. While waiting for the nymphs, the females fanned their wings 
repeatedly. 
There were a number of instances in which wing fanning was used 
to quiet a restless aggregation or one which had recently dispersed 
to a new leaf. The adult female circled the group with rapid, jerky 
movements and stopped occasionally to fan her wings. For 2 
different females and aggregations, the female backed up to the 
