1981] 
Stuart — Trophallaxis in Harpagoxenus 
333 
important biological consequences. Furthermore, the apparent ab- 
sence of this behavior in free-living leptothoracine ants, and the fact 
that transmission is consistently from slave-maker to slave, suggests 
that abdominal trophallaxis may in some way contribute to this 
species’ particular socially parasitic relationship. The discovery of 
this behavior in a slave-making ant opens a previously unknown 
avenue for consideration in discussions of the means by which slave- 
makers may affect the behavior of their slaves. 
Acknowledgments 
I thank T.M. Alloway for his comments on the manuscript. 
Financial assistance was provided by an Ontario Graduate Scholar- 
ship to the author, and a grant from the Natural Sciences and 
Engineering Research Council of Canada to T.M. Alloway. 
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