98 
Psyche 
[March 
Assay of Pupal and Young Adult Samples 
Dates of Examination Workers Males 
5/ 5/60 
5/14/60 
1 pupa 
1 fresh-hatched callow 
5/18/60 
1 pupa 
6/15/60 
1 pupa 
6/20/60 
1 pupa 
7/23/60 
51 pupae 
3/ 1/64 
33 pupae; 
13 fresh-hatched callows 
5 pupae 
6/22/64 
7 pupae 
4 pupae 
Thus over a period of approximately four and one-half years after 
being taken from the field, and beginning five and one-half months 
after capture, these colonies were observed to produce a total of 109 
worker pupae or fresh-hatched callows, and 9 male pupae. The 
evidence of consistent production of workers by workers in this 
species seems clear. 
Rhytidoponera victoriae 
This small form is a common eastern Australian species, especially 
abundant in Victoria. On January 2, 1962, a colony was collected at 
Lower Fern Tree Gully Station, near Victoria National Park, and 
on January 3 a number of colonies was collected within the Park 
itself. All were without typical females. They were again housed 
in glass modified Lubbock nests, and maintained until May, 1962, in 
open arenas. Samples of cocoons were then removed and opened and 
the pupae scored for sex and caste in the usual manner, together with 
freshly hatched callow workers. The results, summed over all the 
colonies examined, are shown below: 
Assay of Pupal and Young Adult Samples 
Dates of Examination 
Workers 
Males 
5/19/62 
42 
pupae 
11 pupae 
8/ 3/62 
1 pupa 
8/24/62 
1 
pupa 
9/16/62 
1 
pupa 
10/14/62 
2 
pupae 
10/22/62 
55 
pupae 
13 pupae 
7/ 2/64 
31 
pupae ; 
2 fresh-hatched callows 
46 pupae 
7/15/63 
22 
pupae ; 
3 fresh-hatched callows 
1 pupa 
9/21/64 
17 
pupae 
7 pupae 
Thus over a period of twenty-eight months a total of 176 workers is 
known to have been produced and a total of 79 males — good evidence 
once again that in this species worker production by workers is the 
rule. 
