284 • Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing, and Education 
and is being used, or is intended for use, for re- 
search, testing, experimentation or exhibition pur- 
poses, or as a pet" [9 CFR l.l(n)]. By regulation, 
this definition excludes birds, rats, mice, and horses 
and other farm animals intended “for use as food 
or fiber, or livestock or . . . [for] improving animal 
nutrition, breeding, management, or production 
efficiency, or for improving the quality of food or 
fiber” [9 CFR l.l(n),(o)]. The definition of “dog” is 
enlarged to include those used for hunting, secu- 
rity, or breeding purposes [9 CFR l.l(l)-(n),(q)]. The 
farm -animal exemption and expanded dog defini- 
tion reflect changes in the act made in 1970 and 
1976. The only warm-blooded animals, other than 
those specified in the act, that the Secretary has 
chosen to designate are marine mammals. 
A research facility not otherwise required to be 
licensed must register with APHIS by completing 
a standard registration form and filing it with 
the office in the State of its principal place of busi- 
ness. The registrant receives a copy of the form 
and "applicable standards” from APHIS and is re- 
quired to acknowledge their receipt and agree to 
comply with the standards by signing a form [9 
CFR 2.25-2.26], 
Each "reporting facility” (each segment of a reg- 
istered facility using experimental animals and for 
which an attending veterinarian has responsibil- 
ity, including departments, agencies, and instru- 
mentalities of the United States) must file an an- 
nual report, signed by a legally responsible official, 
showing that professionally acceptable standards 
governing the care, treatment, and use of animals, 
including appropriate use of anesthetic, analge- 
sic, and tranquilizing drugs, during actual re- 
search, testing, or experimentation, were followed 
by the facility . The report, due by December 1 and 
covering the preceding Federal fiscal year (Oct. 
1-Sept. 30), must include: 
• the location of the facility where animals were 
used; 
• common names and approximate numbers of 
animals on which research, experiments, or 
tests were conducted involving: 
(a) no pain, distress, or use of pain-relieving 
drugs; 
(b) accompanying pain or distress to the ani- 
mals, for which appropriate anesthetic, 
analgesic, or tranquilizing drugs were used; 
and 
(c) pain or distress to the animals for which 
the use of appropriate anesthetic, analge- 
sic, or tranquilizing drugs would adversely 
affect the procedures, results, or interpre- 
tation of the research, experiments, or tests 
and a brief statement explaining the rea- 
sons for the same (in all three cases, rou- 
tine procedures— injections, tattooing, and 
blood sampling— need not be reported); 
and 
• certification by the attending veterinarian or 
institutional committee that the type and amount 
of anesthetic, analgesic, and tranquilizing 
drugs used on animals during research, test- 
ing, or experimentation was appropriate to 
relive pain and distress for the subject ani- 
mals (9 CFR 2.28). 
Research facilities must observe certain require- 
ments for maintaining identification of dogs and 
cats either received from or consigned for deliv- 
ery into commerce. Live dogs and cats so consigned 
must bear either the original tag or tattoo, or a 
tag, tattoo, or collar supplied by the facility, that 
identifies each animal by description or number 
[9 CFR 2.50(e)]. 
Records on acquired dogs or cats must be kept 
and maintained to disclose the name and address 
of the person from whom the animal was acquired; 
the official tag number or tattoo; a description of 
each live dog or cat, including species, sex, date 
of birth or approximate age, color and distinctive 
markings, and breed or type; and the number as- 
signed to the animal by the facility. 
Facilities that transport, sell, or otherwise dis- 
pose of a live dog or cat must maintain on forms 
furnished by APHIS, in addition to the above in- 
formation, the name and address of the person 
into whose custody the animal is delivered, the 
date of delivery, and the method and identifica- 
tion of mode of transportation. 
Research facilities may not destroy or dispose 
of required records without the written consent 
of APHIS, and records must be held for longer 
where necessary to comply with any other Fed- 
eral, State, or local law (9 CFR 2.100). Research 
