376 • Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing, and Education 
Table 16-4.— Primary Purpose of Experiments, 1977-84, United Kingdom 
(thousands of experimental animals used) 
To study normal 
or abnormal 
body structure 
Year or function 
To select, 
develop, or 
study the use, 
etc., of medical, 
dental, and 
veterinary 
products and 
appliances 
To select, develop, or study the use, hazards, or safety of 
To develop 
transplant 
techniques 
Herbicides or 
Plant pesticides, substances 
including modifying plant 
fungicides 
growth 
Substances 
used in 
industry 
Substances 
used in the 
household 
Cosmetics and 
toiletries 
1977 1,286.0 
1978 1,164.8 
1979 1,051.7 
1980 909.3 
1981 1,119.2 
1982 
1983 
1984 
997.0 
875.2 
824.8 
2.932.6 
2.925.7 
2.680.8 
2,680.1 
2.403.0 
2.373.0 
2,039.9 
1,915.7 
22.5 
16.2 
25.4 
14.7 
14.6 
15.2 
12.6 
15.0 
35.8 
50.4 
34.1 
40.1 
30.6 
33.0 
35.4 
46.7 
20.3 
18.8 
24.0 
17.5 
12.9 
15.1 
17.9 
18.1 
81.6 
88.0 
75.3 
80.4 
69.2 
66.2 
59.1 
64.5 
18.8 
14.9 
18.5 
13.8 
14.3 
13.9 
17.2 
12.9 
To select, develop, or study the use, hazards, or safety of 
Food additives 
Tobacco and 
its substitutes 
Plants or 
animals and 
their toxins 
General 
environmental 
pollutants 
To demonstrate 
known facts 
Other 
purposes 
More than 
one purpose 
24.6 
28.2 
30.5 
31.3 
24.4 
18.9 
18.0 
17.5 
Total 3 
5,385.6 b 
5.195.4 
4,719.9 
4.579.5 
4.344.8 
4.221.8 
3.624.2 
3.497.3 
1977 
1978 
1979 
1980 
1981 
1982 . 
1983 , 
1984 . 
39.3 
42.5 
27.7 
21.3 
20.2 
20.1 
14.1 
12.0 
15.2 
2.7 
4.6 
1.9 
2.3 
3.2 
2.7 
2.2 
4.2 
2.7 
3.3 
3.3 
2.7 
5.9 
4.8 
5.8 
60.4 
70.4 
33.6 
40.9 
45.8 
27.3 
34.4 
31.8 
2.7 
2.6 
1.8 
1.7 
1.9 
1.6 
1.6 
1.1 
676.8 
709.8 
600.5 
635.9 
519.4 
562.5 
444.9 
453.1 
83.4 
57.6 
108.1 
87.2 
64.3 
68.9 
46.4 
76.0 
Columns may not add up due to rounding. 
includes 81.3 thousand experimental animals that could not be classified. 
SOURCE: U.K. Home Office, Secretary of State, Statistics of Experiments on Living Animals: Great Britain, 1984 (London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1985). 
Table 16-5.— Experiments by Type of Registered Facility, 1977-84, United Kingdom 
1977 
1978 
1979 
1980 
1981 
1982 
1983 
1984 
Type of registered place 3 
(thousands of experimental animals used) 
Public health laboratories 13 
Universities (including 
37.8 
41.8 
120.6 
106.7 
117.0 
106.4 
78.4 
63.7 
medical schools) 
875.5 
927.4 
975.9 
895.3 
847.6 
813.6 
785.9 
772.7 
Polytechnics 
Quasi-autonomous 
32.9 
46.7 
38.4 
37.7 
34.9 
29.5 
36.9 
29.8 
nongovernmental 
organizations 
316.4 
280.6 
255.7 
274.6 
242.8 
268.9 
239.5 
209.3 
National health service 
hospitals (excluding 
medical schools) 
180.5 
157.4 
147.7 
159.4 
154.3 
144.2 
132.2 
134.4 
Government departments 13 
Nonprofitmaking 
323.9 
273.5 
163.7 
169.8 
174.0 
154.0 
101.9 
103.2 
organizations 
858.3 
779.5 
614.0 
546.9 
507.0 
512.3 
396.2 
340.3 
Commercial concerns 
2,760.4 
2,688.6 
2,403.8 
2,389.0 
2,267.2 
2,192.9 
1,853.1 
1,843.9 
Total c 
5,385.6 d 
5,195.4 
4,719.9 
4,579.5 
4,344.8 
4,221.8 
3,624.2 
3,497.3 
a Recorded on the basis of the registered place that the licensees regard as their main place of work at the time the returns were issued. A licensee may have commenced 
experiments at more than one registered place during the year. 
b The differences between 1978 and 1979 are partly because some establishments were reclassified from one type of registered place to another. 
c Columns may not add up due to rounding. 
^Includes 81.3 thousand experimental animals that could not be classified. 
SOURCE: U.K. Home Office, Secretary of State, Statistics of Experiments on Living Animals: Great Britain, 1984 (London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1985). 
