398 • Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing, and Education 
end of the procedure or, if appropriate, dur- 
ing the procedure. 
d. The living conditions of animals will be appro- 
priate for their species and contribute to their 
health and comfort. The housing, feeding and 
nonmedical care of the animals will be di- 
rected by a veterinarian or other scientist 
trained and experienced in the proper care, 
handling and use of the species being main- 
tained or studied. 
e. Medical care for animals will be available and 
provided as necessary by a qualified veteri- 
narian. 
f. Personnel conducting procedures on the spe- 
cies being maintained or studied will be appro- 
priately qualified and trained in those pro- 
cedures. 
g. Methods of euthanasia used will be consistent 
with the recommendations of the American 
Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Panel 
on Euthanasia, 5 unless a deviation is justified 
for scientific reasons in writing by the inves- 
tigator. 
2. Prior to the review, each IACUC member shall 
be provided with a list of applications and pro- 
posals to be reviewed. Those sections of appli- 
cations and proposals that relate to the care and 
use of animals shall be available to all IACUC 
members, and any member of the IACUC may 
upon request obtain full committee review of 
those sections. If full committee review is not re- 
quested, at least one member of the IACUC, des- 
ignated by the chairperson and qualified to con- 
duct the review, shall review those sections and 
have the authority to approve, require modifi- 
cations in (to secure approval) or request full 
committee review of those sections. If full com- 
mittee review is requested, approval of those sec- 
tions may be granted only after review at a con- 
vened meeting of a quorum of the IACUC and 
with the approval vote of a majority of the quo- 
rum present. No member may participate in the 
IACUC review or approval of an application or 
proposal in which the member has a conflicting 
interest (e.g., is personnaly involved in the 
project), except to provide information requested 
by the IACUC; nor may a member who has a 
conflicting interest contribute to the constitution 
of a quorum. 
3. The IACUC may invite consultants to assist in the 
review of complex issues. Consultants may not 
'Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (JAVMA), 1978, 
Vol. 173, No. 1, pp. 59-72, or succeeding revised editions. 
approve or withhold approval of an application 
or proposal or vote with the IACUC. 
4. The IACUC shall notify investigators and the in- 
stitution in writing of its decision to approve or 
withhold approval of those sections of applica- 
tions or proposals related to the care and use 
of animals, or of modifications required to se- 
cure IACUC approval. If the IACUC decides to 
withhold approval of an application or proposal, 
it shall include in its written notification a state- 
ment of the reasons for its decision and give the 
investigator an opportunity to respond in per- 
son or in writing. 
5. The IACUC shall conduct continuing review of 
applications and proposals covered by this pol- 
icy at appropriate intervals as determined by the 
IACUC, but not less than once every three years. 
6. The IACUC may suspend an activity that it pre- 
viously approved if it determines that the activ- 
ity is not being conducted in accordance with 
applicable provisions of the Animal Welfare Act, 
the Guide , the institution’s Assurance, or 
IV.C.l.a.-g. The IACUC may suspend an activity 
only after review of the matter at a convened 
meeting of a quorum of the IACUC and with the 
suspension vote of a majority of the quorum 
present. 
7. If the IACUC suspends an activity involving ani- 
mals, the institutional official in consultation with 
the IACUC shall review the reasons for suspen- 
sion, take appropriate corrective action and re- 
port that action with a full explanation to OPRR. 
8. Applications and proposals that have been ap- 
proved by the IACUC may be subject to further 
appropriate review and approval by officials of 
the institution. However, those officials may not 
approve those sections of an application or pro- i 
posal related to the care and use of animals if 
they have not been approved by the IACUC. 
D. Information Required in Applications and Propos- 
als Submitted to PHS 
1. All Institutions 
Applications and proposals submitted to PHS 
that involve the care and use of animals shall 1 1 
contain the following information: 1 
a. identification of the species and approximate i 
number of animals to he used; 
b. rationale for involving animals, and for the 
appropriateness of the species and numbers 
to be used; I 
c. a complete description of the proposed use ol 
the animals; 
d. assurance that discomfort and injury to ani 
mals will be limited to that which is unavoid U 
