“ETHICALLY IMPOSSIBLE” STD Research in Guatemala from 1946-1948 
Targeted Interviews 
Commission staff conducted a series of informal interviews for background 
information on the STD experiments in Guatemala with individuals who 
knew Dr. Cutler. The interviews were conducted by phone. A full listing of 
those interviewed follows: 
Dr. Donald S. Burke 
Dr. Michael E. Dalmat 
Ms. Lois G. Michaels 
Dr. Jerry Michael 
Dr. David Sencer 
Dr. Michael Utidjian 
Staff Delegation to Guatemala 
At Guatemalan Vice President Dr. Rafael Espada’s invitation, a small delega- 
tion of Commission staff members visited Guatemala from April 30 to May 
3, 2011. They met with Vice President Espada and the government of Guate- 
mala’s investigation commission, toured the Central American Archives, and 
visited relevant historical sites. The visit served to introduce the Commission’s 
work to the members of the Guatemalan commission and gather information 
about their activities. It also enabled staff to gain a better understanding of 
the context in which the research proceeded. The Commission staff delega- 
tion included Valerie Bonham, Brian Eiler, Dr. Paul Lombardo, and Kayte 
Spector-Bagdady. 
Translation 
Among the records collected and reviewed over the course of the investigation 
were many Spanish language documents. These documents included 
correspondence between U.S. PHS officers and Guatemalan officials, published 
works of scientific scholarship, press articles, and selected pages from laboratory 
notebooks. Relevant documents were translated by an independent translator, 
Cetra Language Solutions of Elkins Park, Pennsylvania. The translated 
documents are kept within the PCSBI H SPI archives. 
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