CARNIVORA. 
71 
The Hapalid(Bf or Marmosets, have the same total number of ’ 
teeth as Man and the Old-World Monkeys, but they are not dis- 
tributed in the same way, their formula being I. |, C. Pm. 
M. I X 2=32. Skeletons and skulls of both the New-World 
families are exhibited in Case 3, Div. E. 
The Lemurs (Suborder Lemuroidea) are placed in Div. F. 
They are, as already noted, far lower animals than the true 
Monkeys, from which they differ, osteologically, by their longer 
snouts, smaller brain-cases, different dentition, and by the fact 
that the orbit, with one exception, is bounded on the outside only 
by a simple rod of bone instead of by a distinct bony wall. 
Skeletons of all the principal genera are exhibited, and attention 
may be drawn particularly to that of Tarsius spectrum ; remarkable 
for the extraordinary prolongation of the hind foot. Its orbits 
are bounded all round by a thin plate of bone ; and its dentition 
is I. C. Pm. f, M. f X 2 = 34. And, finally, in the Aye-aye 
[Chiromys madagascariensis) the teeth are extremely reduced in 
number, the formula being I. C. g. Pm. J, M. § x 2 = 18. The 
incisors are very thick, long, and curved, and are without roots, as in 
the Rodents, with which this animal was formerly associated. The 
crowns of its molars are flat and smooth. 
Order II. CARNIVORA. 
(Cases 4 to 7.) 
The Carnivora, or Beasts of Prey, form a large and very natural 
division of Mammals, distinguished by their highly specialized 
double sets of teeth, the second or permanent set being almost 
invariably made up of three incisors on each side, above and below, 
of which the outer is the largest, one long, sharp, and powerful 
canine or eye-tooth, and a variable number of molars and premolars; 
by their clawed toes, of which there are never less than four on 
each foot, non-opposable first digits, and their incomplete or absent 
clavicles. 
They are divided, as already noted, into two great groups, of 
which the Carnivora Fissipedia, or Land Carnivores, are the first to 
claim our attention. Their skeletons are such as to represent 
perfectly the normal Mammalian type described on p. 61. Their 
limbs are adapted for walking, running, and climbing, but not 
