LLAMAS. 
41 
the animals meet again with abundant pasturage. As they also 
have the power of retaining water in their capacious stomachs 
for more than a week, Camels are quite invaluable as carriers in 
desert countries, where food and water cannot regularly be obtained, 
although in disposition they are both obstinate and ill-tempered, 
and are said never to attach themselves to their masters. 
The second genus of the Tylopoda is Lama, containing two [Cases 
species — the Huanaco, which is the wild form of the domesticated ^9-42.] 
Llama and Alpaca, and the much smaller Vicuna. They are 
natives of the Andes and adjoining plateaus of South America; 
the domesticated forms being used as beasts of burden in the 
same way as the Camels ; their wool, especially that of the Alpaca, 
is long and line, and of considerable value. They are without 
humps on their backs, and much smaller and more lightly built 
than the Camels. The wide distance which separates the Llamas 
from the Camels at the present time has been partially bridged over 
by the recent discoveries of a large number of fossils referable 
to this group in North America, near the Rocky Mountains. 
Specimens of each of the two species of Camels are placed in the 
centre of the Recess facing the Llamas, which are in Cases 39 to 42. 
(2) The Tragulina, or Chevrotains (Case 42), are a group of [Case 42,] 
small deer-like animals, of about the size of rabbits. Their feet are 
more like those of pigs, and their stomachs have only three, instead 
of four divisions. There are two genera in the group, namely, 
Tragulus, with five or six beautiful little species, ranging from India 
to Borneo ; and Dorcatherium, with but one, the Water-Chevrotain 
(D. aquaticus), of Western Africa. 
(3) The Pecora consist of a very large number of closely related 
animals, characterized by their generally lightly-built and graceful 
forms, their long narrow ears, large eyes, rudimentary or absent 
outer toes, absence of teeth in front of the upper jaw, and their com- 
plicated stomachs, which consist of four compartments. Among 
themselves they differ but little, at least in the more important 
characters, the horns and antlers, with which the males of most of 
the species are furnished, affording the most important points by 
which they can be subdivided. 
The families of Pecora are the following : — The Bovidce, or Bull 
tribe, containing the Oxen, Sheep, Antelopes, and Gazelles, is 
distinguished by the possession of true horns, present for the most 
