LARVAL TREMATODES 
209 
The morphological studies have been incomplete owing to lack of material but as a 
preliminary measure these larval trematodes are named as follows : 
Echinostome cercariae with 43 collar spines from 
L. crosseana ... ... ... ... ... Cercaria malayi II 
Echinostome metacercaria with 50 or more collar spines 
from L. crosseana ... ... ... ... ... Cercaria malayi III 
Furcocercous cercaria belonging to the “Strigea” group 
from L. crosseana ... ... ... ... ... Cercaria malayi IV 
Xiphidocercaria with stylet from L. crosseana . . . Cercaria malayi V 
There has been no difficulty in identifying the “Echinostome” cercariae and the Xiphido- 
cercaria with their respective metacercariae but there is no direct evidence to show that the 
tetracotyles obtained from the Malayan Lymnaea are the later stages of the furcocercous 
Cercaria malayi IV 
It has been shown that L. natalensis readily acts as first and second intermediate host for 
Echinostoma revolutum , second intermediate host for the echinostome Cercaria malayi II and 
the styleted xiphidocercaria, Cercaria malayi V but not as second intermediate host for the 
furcocercous strigeate, Cercaria malayi IV. 
References 
Beaver, P. C. (1938). Experimental studies on Echinostoma revolutum (Froelich) a fluke from birds and 
mammals. III. Biol. Monog., 15, 1-96. 
Johnson, J. (1920). The life cycle of Echinostoma revolutum (Froelich). Univ. California Publ. Zool. , 19, 
335-388. 
Sprehn, C. (1932). Lehrhuch der Helminthologie. Berlin. 
Tubangui, M. (1932). Observations on the life-histories of Euparyphium murinum Tubangui, 1931 and 
Echinostoma revolutum (Froelich, 1802). Philip. J. Sci., 47, 497-513. 
Dawes, B. (1946). The Trematoda. Camb. Univ. Press. 
Sandground, J. H. and Bonne, C. (1940). Echinostoma lindoensis n. sp., a new parasite of man in the 
Celebes with an account of its life history and epidemiology. Amer. J. trop. Med., 20, 511-536. 
Sandosham, A. A. (1953). Malaysian parasites. XII. — Cercarial dermatitis caused by a member of the 
“ Elvae ” group. Stud. Inst. Med. Res., Malaya, 26, 195-198. 
MALAYA, No. 26. 1953 
