LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN TEXT. 
vn 
FIG. FAGE 
12. Fossil Sponge spicules : Silicispongiae, Tetracfcinellida Lithistida. (After 
Hindo) d7 
13. Ditto Ditto 37 
14. Fossil Sponge spicules ; Silicispongiae, MouactineUida. (After Hinde) . 38 
15. A Calcisponge, Peronidella, Great Oolite ...... 39 
IG. Lithistid sponges from Upper Greensand, Warminster. (After Hinde) . 40 
17. Vcrrnculina, Chalk of Flamborough ....... 41 
18. A fossil jelly-fish, Bhizostomites, from Solenhofen. (After Walcott and 
Brandt) ............ 44 
19. An early form of Graptolite, Didi/mogra^tus ..... 46 
20. A Favositid coral, Syringolites, Silurian. (.4fter Hinde) . . .51 
21. Silurian .4nthozoa, possibly .\lcyonaria, Wenlock Limestone : Halysitcs, 
Aulopora ........... 52 
22. Palaeozoic .\nthozoa : Omphyma (from Prestwich) ; Syringojwra . . 53 
23. A Devonian operculate coral : Galceola ...... 54 
24. Zoantharian corals of Bajocian age : Latomaeandraea, Mont liv alt ia. 
(From Prestwich) .......... 55 
25. Zoantharian corals of Upper Corallian age : Isajstraea, Thecosmilia. 
(From Prestwich) .......... 56 
26. Zoantharian corals from the British Chalk : Synhelia, Parnsmilia, 
SteplMnophyllia. (From Prestwich) ...... 56 
27. Perforate Zoantharian corals from the Lutetian, Bracklesham ; Tiirbi- 
nolia, Dcndrophyllia, Goniopora. (From Prestwich). . .57 
28. A simple form of Crinoid ; Dotryocriniis ... . . 60 
29. Types of Cystidoa : Aristocystis, Echinosphacra, Protocrinus, Lcpadocrinus 64 
30. A typical Blastoid ; Orophocrinus ....... 66 
31. Edrioaster Bigshyi. (After Bather) ....... 67 
82. Palaeozoic starfishes : Schuchertia, Palasterina ..... 69 
33. A Palaeozoic Ophiuroid : Lapworthiira ...... 70 
31. Types of Fossil Echinoidea : Palaechinus, Archaeocidaris, Cidaris, Hemi- 
cidaris, Saliniia, Dysaster, Enallaster, Catopygus. (From Messrs. 
Black) 73 
35. The tubicolous Polychaete : Ortbnia ....... 78 
36. Supposed coiled tubes of Polychaeta : Spirorbis ..... 79 
37. A worm-casting from the Solenhofen Stone : Litmbricaria. (.4fter 
Baier) 80 
38. Diagram of a Trilobite : Dalmanites ....... 82 
89. Reconstruction of a Trilobite : Triarthrus. (After Beecher) . . .84 
40. Examples of Trilobites : Agnostus, Oknus, Stmirocephalus ... 85 
41. Under surface of Eunjpterus Fischeri ....... 87 
42. A modern Xiphosuro : Limultts .... ... 89 
43. Silurian primitive Scorpions : Palaeophoiuis. (After Pocock, from 
Lankester) ........... 90 
44. Eophrynus Prestvicii from the Coal iMeasures. (After Pocock) . . 91 
45. A typical Crustacean : Glyphaca. (Prom Woods) ..... 92 
46. Fossil Crustacea ; Dromilites, Palacocorystes, Eryon, Mecochirus, Cypri- 
dea, Loriciila . . . . . . . . . . . 94 
47. Anthrapalacnwn Woodwardi, Coal Measures. (From H. Woodward) . 96 
48. Isopods ; Palaega, Acga ......... 97 
49. An ancestor of the Crabs ; Protocarcinus. (After Bather) . . . 101 
50. A fossil crab : Bhachiosoma. (After H. Woodward) .... 103 
51. A fossil millipede ; Euphoberia ........ 104 
52. Cockroaches of the Coal Measures ; Eteoblattina, Progorioblattina. (After 
Scudder and Heer) ... ...... 106 
53. Wings of Neuroptera from the Coal Measures : Lithosialis, Brodiea . 106 
54. A Neuropterous (?) insect from the Coal Measures : Lithomantis. (After 
H. Woodward) 107 
55. Shell of a Silurian Brachiopod, Atrypa . . . . . , los 
