VI 11 
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN TEXT. 
I'AOK 
6G. Internal cast of a Braclr'opcd sholl, Cammophoria . . . .110 
57. Muscle-scars in a shell of Lingula 110 
58. Types of Brachiopod Orders : Iphidea, Orbiculoidm, ClitambuniteH . 112 
59. spire-boaring Telotrematous Brachiopod : Spirifer .... 114 
GO. loop-hearing Telotrematous Braclnopod ; Magcllania . . . 114 
Gl. Structure of a Bryozoan zooid . . . . . . . . IIG 
G2. Trepostomatous Bryozoan ; Callopora. (.\fter Ulrich) . . . 118 
G3. Cryptostomatous Brj'ozoan : Fenextella. (.\fter Ulrich) . . . 118 
G4. Cyclostoinatous Bryozoa : Stomatopora, Bereuicea. (.A-fter (iregory) . 119 
G5. Cheilostoinatous Bryozoa : Membranipora, Onijcliocclla . . “ .120 
GG. Shell of Chiton sijuamosus ......... 124 
67. Pteropod, Cleodora pyra7nidata ....... 125 
68. Shells of non-marine Mollusca : I'nio, Corhicula, Pixidium, llolix, 
Paludestrina. (From B. B. Woodward) ...... 128 
69. Eocene Gastropods and Lamellibranchs : Cyprina, PJtoladoniya, Craxxa- 
telliies, Cypraeo, Clavalithes, Cardita ...... 130 
70. A Senonian Lamellibranch, SjMndylux xpinoxux ..... 132 
71. Cretaceous Lamellibranchs ; Neithea, Actinoceramux .... 132 
72. Lamellibranchs of the Lower Lias, f/n/jj/irtcu . . 1.37 
73. Pleurotomaria Quoyana and P. platyspira ...... 138 
74. Carboniferous Lamellibranchs : Carbotiicola, Posidonomya . . . 139 
75. Lower Palaeozoic Lamellibranchs and Gastropods: Cardiola, Ptcrinaea, 
Bellerophon, Platycei'as, Maclurca, Trematonotus .... 140 
7G. Conularia qiiadrisulcata, Coal Measures ...... 141 
77. Pliocene Ptoropods : Hyalaea, Vaginclla ...... 144 
78. Cephalopoda: Rhyncholiths, iVa«/iZ«s, /./ofijfo ..... 145 
79. Shells of Etidoccras. (After Holm and Foord) ..... 147 
80. Primitive Nautiloidea : Pilowras, Orthoceras ..... 148 
81. Initial chambers of Cephalopod shells. (From Foord and Crick) . . 150 
82. A Nautilus and an .\mmonite ........ 151 
83. Aptychus of an ammonite ......... 153 
84. Animal and shell of a Belemnite. (.\fter D’Orbigny) .... 154 
85. The Belemnite and its descendants : sections of shells .... 155 
86. Cephalopoda with thin enclosed shell : Belemnotcuthis, Dorateuthix . 156 
87. Female Argonaut .......... 157 
88. Actinoccras Bigsbyi, siphuncle. (From Foord) ..... 158 
89. Three-lohed aperture of Gomphoceratid ...... 159 
90. Four-lobed aperture of Gomphoceratid ....... 159 
91. Ascoceratidae. (From Foord, after Lindstrom) . . . . _ . 160 
92. Palaeozoic Nautiloidea; Ophidioccrax, Hercoccras, Aphelfcei-ax, Ic.s/i- 
nautilus . . . . . . . ^ . . . 162 
93. Gouiatites : Pronorifrx, (!li/phiuccrax, Agathiccrax. (From Foord and 
Crick) . . . ' IW 
94. Ceratites nodoxux . . ....... 16(> 
95. Ammonites: Trachyccrax, Lytoceras, Coeloceras, Phyllocer<pi. . . 168 
96. Cretaceous Ammouoidea : Crioceras, Hetcroceras, Turrilites, Marro- 
xcaphites, Hamitcs, Scaqdiites, Baculitcx ...... 172 
