EPIXEPHELE. 79 
inr.cr margin (o tho third median nervulc; two large ocelli towards apex, one or both often 
without pupils ; tho outer margin darker. Secondaries have two ocelli towards anal angle. 
Under surface is greyish, with the basal half darker : primaries have a double ocellus near 
costa, and bcjond this is a whitish band limited outwardly by a brown line, and inwardly by 
the darker basal area : in the lower portion of this band there are three ocelli ; all the ocelli 
have broad yellow irides, and are set in brown rings ; there is a narrow whitish band on • 
outer margin, edged on each side by a brown line. Fringes pale grey, chequered with darker 
at the extremities of the nervulea. 
Female. Paler, the ocelli larger and the yellow irides of those on primaries broader ; there is often 
a third ocellus towards costa of secondaries. 
Expanse, S 50 millim., J 50 miUim. 
Var. Campana, var. nov. Darker than the type, and the ocelli are much smaUor. Under surface 
is also darker, except the basal third of secondaries, which is paler than in typical specimens 
of arvensis ; there is a short whitish patch before the costal ocellus of secondaries, and the 
pale fascia beyond is broader and more clearly defined. The whitish fringes are not marked 
with darker in the male, and only very faintly in the female. 
The tjrpical form of S. arvensis occiu's at Moupiu, Huaug-mii-chaug. 
Wa-shan, and Chia-kou-ho in July and August ; and the var. campana at 
Ta-chien-lu in May and June, and at Pu-tsu-fong in June and July. 
Epinephele bieti. 
Epinephele bieti, Oberthiir, Etud. d'Entom. ix. p. 17, pi. ii. fig. 2 (1884) ; Alplieraky, 
Rom. sur Lep. v. p. 115 (1889). 
Differs from E. Tii/peranfJius in the blacker colour of upper surface. On the under surface tho 
colour is paler than in typical hyperanthus, the oceUi are uniformly smaller, and in some 
specimens obsolete, as in var. arete of that species. There is never more than one costal 
ocellus on the secondaries ; the irides of the ocelli are always faint ; there is no indication of 
any submarginal lines. 
This is probably only a local race of E. hyperanthus. 
Occurs commonly in Western China in June and July. 
Epinephele hyperanthus. 
PajjiHo hyperuntiis, Limi. Syst. Nat. x. p. 4~1 (1758). 
Epinephele liyperanthiis, Lang, Butt. Eur. p. 303, pi. Ixxiv. fig. 4 (1884). 
Sahjrus ocellatus, Butl. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) ix. p. 14 (188.2). 
" E.Kpands from I'OO to 1'75 in. All the wings dark brown, in the male nearly black, in the 
female paler ; there is a submarginal row of black spots on all the wings centred with white, 
and surrounded by yellowish rings ; their number is variable, but there is generally from one 
to three on the fore wings, and two or three on the hind wings. Underside lighter brown ; 
the fore wings have three black submarginal spots in yellow rings, two of them having white 
