90 NYMPHALID^. 
often entirely absent. One male expands 43 millim., Avhich is unusually 
large for this species. 
According to Marshall and de Niceville, Y. avanta is found in the Western 
Himalayas from April to August. It is common in Kulu, and its range 
extends to Kashmir on the west and to Sikkim on the east. 
Ypthima philomela. 
PapUiu philomela, Joliausseu, Amcen. Acad. vi. p. 40i (1764). 
PapUiu baldus, Fabricius, Syst. Ent., App. p. 829 (1775). 
Yphthima baldus, Hewitson, Trans. Eut. Soc. Loud. (3) ii. p. 286 (1864). 
Ypthima baldus, Pryer, Rhopalocera Nilionica, p. 30, pi. ix. fig. 3. 
Ypthima philomela, Marshall & de Niceville, Butt. Ind. i. p. 216 (1882). 
Yphthima argus, Butler, Proc. Linn. Soc. Loud., Zool. p. 56 (1878). 
Ypthima evanescens, Butl. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) vii. p. 134 (1881). 
Male. Brown. Primaries with a bipiipillated subapieal ocellus ; a patch of darker scales on 
each side of the median nervure. Secondaries have from two to six ocelli. Under surface 
pale greyish white, with numerous fiue brown transverse lines and three brown fasciae, 
that nearest the base often indistinct : primaries with ocellus as above : secondaries with 
six complete ocelli. 
Female. Paler, with a broad whitish band striated with brown on the submarginal area of all the 
wings ; the ocelli, which are similar to those of the male, are set in this band. 
Var. arg^Sj Butler. " Alte supra fuscte ; anticse ocello subapicali nigro ochreo cincto alboque 
bipupiUato ; posticse maris ocellis duobus inter veuas apud marginem analem positis ; feminse 
ocellis tribus uno subapicali miuuto. Corpus fuscum. 
" Ala3 subtus albo-cinerea3 fusco-strigoste ; anticas maris ocello ut supra ; feminoe ocello obscure 
albo ad cellas finem ; posticae occUis quinque subapicalibus tribusque analibus, uno anali 
bipupillato. Corpus cinereum. Alar. esp. unc. II. 
" Differs from Y. baldus, Fab., in having five instead of six ocelli on hind wings. Fore wings ; 
costa longer : female showing an extra ocellus at the end of the cell below, also with a small 
subapieal ocellus above." (Butler, 1. c.) 
Var. evanescens, Butler. ' Above like T. lisandra, below more like Y. zodia ; wings below 
white, densely striated with short brown lines, and crossed before the middle by two sub- 
parallel yellowish stripes, the outer one angulated on the secondaries ; external border also 
regularly yellowish, but paler than the strij^es : primaries with a large subapieal yellow-zoned 
black ocellus, with two silver pupils ; secondaries with six very minute yellow-zoned black 
ocelli with single silver pupils; these ocelli are arranged as in Y. stellera. Expanse of wings 
1 inch 5 lines. — Nikko." (Butler, 1. c) 
This species is very variable both in size and shape ; also as regards the 
number and definition of ocelli, which on the secondaries range from one in 
