YPTllIMA. 91 
a specimen from Hakodate to five in a specimen from Chang-yang. It has 
a very wide geographical range, extending throughout the Indian Region, 
China, and Japan, and is also found in the Corea and Amurland. 
Ypthima zodia. (Plate X. fig. I0,d.) 
Yphthima zodla, Butler, Trans. Eut. Soc. Loud. 18"!, p. 402. 
Ypthima albescens, Poujade, Auu. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, p. xli. 
" Ate supra fuscoe, anticoe ocello mediocri nigro bipupillato, flavo-cincto : posticse occUis tribus 
subanalibus, tcrtio ad angulum ani minimo, nigris albo-pupillatis, flavo-cinctis ; alic subtus 
cinereo-albida"', fuseo-reticulata3 ; anticitt striis duabus mcdiis male conspicuis, externa cum 
stria submarginali simili continua, fuscis ; ocello supcrno majori ; postica; fascia lata olivacea, 
uudulata; ocellis sex niinutis, duobus subapicalibus, duobus discali-analibus, duobus analibus 
contiguis, nigris, albo-pupillatis, flavo-cinctis. Exp. alar. unc. 1, lin. 7. 
" Allied to J". Usandfa and Y. air/ug, but differing from all the known species in the broad central 
fuscous band on the under surface of the hind wings." (Butler, 1. c.) 
Var. albescens. " Envergure : 44 millim. Dessus d'un brun terreux ; ailes superieures ayant 
une grosse tache a pen pres roudc, d'un noir bleuatre, finement cercles de jaune olair et tra- 
versee par deux points gris perle brillants ; elle est situee vers I'apex a partir du dernier 
tiers de I'aile. luferieures avec un ou deux gros yeux noir bleuatre, pupilles de gris perle, 
et cercli's de jaune clair, suivis d'un autre semblable, mais trcs petit, situe's vers Tangle 
interne. Le bord interne avoisinant cet angle est blanchatre, finement marbre de brun. 
" Dessous des quatre ailes traverse en largeur par de fines marbrures brunes ; le fond des ailes 
superieures est d'un blanc jaunatre, roeil de I'apex est pareil a celui du dessus, mais plus large- 
ment cercle de jaune. Ailes inferieures a fond blanc, traverse'es en largeur, a pen pres au 
milieu, par une large bande anguleuse jaune olivatre, et ornees de cinq yeux noirs, pupilles de 
gris perle brillant, a iris jaune cercle d'une ombre brune : deux sent situes vers Tangle 
externe, plus en arriere que les trois autres de Tangle interne correspondant a ceux du dessus, 
le dernier est souvent double. 
" Cinq cJ de Mou-Pin : coll. du Museum." {Poujade, I. c.) 
Y. zodia occurs throughout China diuing the spring months. There is 
considerable variation in the number and size of ocelli on under smiace of 
secondaries ; in some specimens they appear to be as well defined as in typical 
Y. philomela, whilst in others they are reduced to mere specks. As far as I 
am aware, Y. zodia only occiu's during the sjiring months ; it is quite possible 
that it is the vernal form of Y. pltilomela, as represented in China, but it can 
always be distinguished by the transverse band-like markings on the central 
area of the under surface of all the Avings. Until the test of breeding has 
been applied, I think it safer to retain Y. zodia as a species. 
