156 NYMPHALID.E. 
Graeser (Berl. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. 82) describes the early stages of this 
species as foUoAvs : — 
" Larva. Of the usual Aj^}atura shape. Dark green, with paler oblique streaks on the sides ; there 
are two pointed wart-like projections, each furnished with several sharp spin)- hairs, on the 
hack of the 6th-12th segments ; those on the 6th, Sth, and 11th longer and thicker than those 
on other segments ; the anal segment terminates in two rather long sharp points. The head 
is marked with reddish-hrown stripes, and the very long projections, which are directed 
forward, have roundish knobs and bear a few obtuse accessor)- spines. On the upperside of 
the larva, as far as the bluish-green spiracles, there are a number of short spines, which are 
longest and closest together on the sides of the head : the area below the spiracles is covered 
w-ith tine yellowish hairs. Feeds in June on elm ( Dlmiis). 
" Piqxi. "Whitish green, differing only from the pupa of A. ilia or A, iris iu having a series of 
obtuse elevations ou the sharply ridged upperside of the body." 
Dr. Fixseu (I. c.) records seven male specimens taken by Herz iu the 
Corea, and states that they are larger and finer than Amurland examples. 
Dr. Staudinger, however, appears to consider that the species does not 
occur in the Corea, as he says (Rom. sur Lep. vi. p. 120) that A. nycteis is 
peculiar to Amurland. I have not seen specimens of the species from any 
part of the region treated of in the present work ; the only specimens I have 
are from Amurland, where the types were taken by Maack. 
According to Staudinger, A. cassiope, Menetries, is nothing but a remark- 
able aberration of A. nycteis. 
Apatura snbcserulea. (Plate XV. fig. l, $ .) 
Apatiira siibcai-ulea, Leechj Entomologist, xxiv., Suppl. Feb. p. 9 (1891) ; Grose Smith 
& Kirby, Rhopal. Exot. pt. xix. {Apatura) p. 2, pi. i. figs. 3, 4, ? (1892). 
Male. Primaries fuliginous, basal half tinged with greenish ; the central yellowish-white fasida is 
represented by three spots below costa and three below second median nervule ; the submar- 
ginal band is indicated by some yellowish-white spots ; the largest of these are placed in the 
subcostal and median interspaces ; in the first median interspace there is also a round but 
obscure black spot ; some fulvous spots towards anal angle. Secondaries fuliginous, tinged 
with green over the basal three fourths ; on the outer limit of this green suffusion are some 
fulvous spots, most distinct towards costa, and a black spot towards anal angle ; the pale 
outer margin is interrupted at the nervules with fuliginous and intersected by a transverse 
fuliginous line. Under surface whitish blue : primaries are clouded with fuscous along the 
inner margin and on central area, and the markings of upperside are reproduced ; the 
secondaries are traversed by a silvery-white fascia (faintly showing through on the upper- 
side), bordered internaU)- with pale oehreous brown and an external suffusion of the same 
colour ; the spot above anal angle has a pale centre, and is ringed with pale fulvous ; a 
pale ochreous-brown line, parallel with outer margin, is preceded by a silvery band. 
Exjjanse, c? 88 miUim., $ 100 miUim. 
