170 NYMPHALIDiE. 
abdomen. Underside bright ferruginous ; markings as above, but the fore wing has the 
suhmarginal row of marks broad, and a black spot in the middle of each ; also a marginal 
row of small spots ; some black lines bordering the discoidal marks ; also a small black circle 
near base of wing, and a patch of black on posterior margin near the angle. Hind wing with 
the inner and spotted outer band the same as above ; a bluish-green curved line across the 
base of the wing, and a marginal row of lunular spots ; body and upper part of abdominal 
margin bluish green. Expanse 3 inches. Sexes alike. 
" This species may be distinguished from all others by the outer band on the bind wing having a 
central spot between each vein." (Moore, I. c.) 
In China this species is represented by a distinct form, which I describe 
Var. elwesi, var. nov. (Plate XVII. fig. 7, d .) Male blacker on the upper surface, the white 
markings narrower; the discoidal streak especially slender, and its termination represented 
by a small, nearly round, spot. The under surface is chocolate-brown, but the white markings 
are almost normal in width. Female specimens from China agree with tj-pical males in 
colour and width of marking. 
This form bears the same relation to A. asura that var. orientalis does to 
A. opalina. 
Occui's at Chang-yang in Central China, and in Western China at Moupin, 
Omei-shan, Wa-shan, and Chow-pin-sa, in Jnne and July, up to an elevation 
of 6000 feet. It appeal's to be rather scarce in all these localities. In 
India this species is found in the Western Himalayas, Assam, Cachar, and 
Khasi Hills, but appears to be nowhere common. 
Athyma opalina. 
Limeniiis opalina, Kollar, Hiigel's Kaschmirj iv. pt. 2, p. 427 (1848). 
Athyma opalina, Horsfield & Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C. i. p. 171, pi. v. a. fig. 2 (1857) ; 
de Niceville, Butt. Ind. ii. p. 173 (1886). 
Athyma orientalis, Elwes, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888, p. 354, pi. ix. fig. 4, <J . 
Athyma orientalis, var. constricta, AliAeraky, Rom. sur Lep. v. p. 110, pi. v. figs. 5 a, 5 6 
(1889). 
The typical form is described by Mr. de Niceville as follows : — 
" Male. Upperside black, with creamy-white markings. Fore wing with a narrow streak and two 
spots at its outer end in the cell, a lengthened triangular spot beyond, an oblique subapical 
series of three spots (sometimes with one or two very fine streaks below the costa above tlie 
upper spot), the upper one oval, the middle one linear and about twice as large, the 
lower one smallest ; a discal series of four spots from the third median nervule to the inner 
margin, the two upper ones] rounded and weU separated, the two lower somewhat quadrate 
