258 NYMPHALIDJl. 
This species is represented iu China by a form which I now describe as, — 
Yar. chinensis, var. nov. (Plate XXV. fig. 1, 2 .) Larger than typical V. urticw. The colour 
of upper surface is deeper fulvous ; the blue submarginal spots are especially couspicuous on 
the secondaries ; marginal border entirely black. Under surface similar in colour to that of 
var. hasTimirensis and var. rizana ; the black line limiting the basal area of secondaries is 
nearly straight and only slightly angulated. 
Occurs only at high elevations in Western China, and is rather common. 
The Japanese form of F. urticm has been described by Mr. Butler as 
F. connecca, but I have not the least doubt that it is a well-defined local race 
of F. tirtwcp. 
Var. COnnexa, Butler. " Allied to V. urticce of Europe, but the second black costal patch on the 
primaries united to the interno-median patch and the latter to the inner margin, so as to 
form a broad central angulated black band right across the wing ; no trace of blue sub- 
marginal lunules on the primaries ; the red discal area of the secondaries much narrower and 
the brown area darker. Wings below considerably darker, the secondaries oven darker than 
in V. californica, the disk being densely striated with purplish brown ; the black-edged green 
submarginal stripe rather luuate than sagittate, and almost wholly black on the primaries ; 
the brown-edged lilac marginal stripe better defined and more lunulate in character. Expanse 
of wings 2 inches 2 lines." (Butler, I. c.) 
This form appears to be restricted to the Isle of Yezzo and is common 
at Hakodate. 
In India F. urticce is represented by two forms, of which I append the 
folloAA-ing descriptions and remarks : — 
Var. kaschmirensis, KoUar ; de Niceville, Butt. lud. ii. p. 233. " Male and female. Upperside : 
both wings chestnut-red, this colour in the hind wing confined to a broad discal band, the 
base narrowly and inner margin below the first median nervule in the fore wing, the base of 
the hind wing, broadly black, thickly irrorated with ochreous scales, the outer margins black 
bearing two paler lines, within the latter on the hind wing are a series of prominent deep 
black lunules with blue centres. Fore wing with a quadrate black bar across the middle of 
the cell, then a pale yellow bar, then another much larger black bar, with another narrower 
pale yellow bar beyond it, beyond which again is a third rather smaller black bar, with a 
small bluish-white costal spot placed outwardly against it. A round black spot on the disc 
in the second median interspace, a larger one below it in the next interspace, a still larger but 
more irregular and diffused spot in the submedian interspace, but placed nearer the base of 
the wing, with a diffused pale yellowish patch beyond it. Underside : both wings brown, 
thickly striated with black ; a submarginal lunulated black line. Fore wing with a narrow 
oval black spot with pale centre at the base of the cell, two fine black zigzag lines enclosing 
a black space across the middle of the cell, a large black patch at the end of the cell. Hind 
wing with the basal haK blackish, this area sharply defined by an irregular deep black fine 
line, a more or less prominent ochreous spot at the lower end of the cell, and two fine black 
lines enclosing a blackish space across its middle." (de Niceville, 1. c.) 
