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BACKGROUND 
WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS AND REVIEWERS 
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction 15 
CHAPTER 2 Contributions of Behavioral Research with Animals 19 
Animal Welfare 20 
Rehabilitation Medicine 21 
Pain 21 
Psychotherapy 22 
Biofeedback 23 
Stress 23 
Effects of Early Experience 25 
Deficits in Learning and Memory that Occur with Aging 26 
Sleep Disorders 27 
References 28 
CHAPTER 3 General Considerations 37 
Role of Training, Monitoring, Evaluations, Track Record 37 
Observation of the Experimental Animals 37 
Team Approach to Setting Limits 38 
Level Evaluation of the Experimental Variable 38 
Species of Animals 38 
Stress Versus Distress 38 
Role of Adaptation, Habituation, and Conditioning 39 
Importance of Species and Ethological Considerations 39 
Change in Ethics, Values, and Knowledge 39 
Provide Occupational Health Services 39 
References 40 
CHAPTER 4 Manipulation of Food and Fluid Access 43 
Regulated Versus Free Access to Food and Fluids 43 
Treats’ Versus Balanced Diet As Food Rewards 44 
Species Differences in Weight Regulation 44 
General Procedures and Considerations 46 
Regulating Access to Fluid 47 
Regulating the Taste and Chemical Composition of Food and Fluids 48 
A Final Note on Food and Fluid Control 48 
References 49 
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