9 
from King’s Creek, Darling Downs. There are a great many 
species of this genus ; it belongs to the family Pascolomyidce, and 
is thus described by Krefft, in his Notes on the Mammals of 
Australia, in the Sydney Mail, November 8th; 1873: — “This 
“ family comprises the wombats, which retain many of the 
“ Phalanger characters, but are chiefly distinguished by their 
“ peculiarly continuously-growing teeth. The iucisors are two 
“ above and below, canines not developed, grinders five in each 
“ ramus above and below, the first being a premolar. The crown 
“ of very young wombat molars resembles that of Diprotodons , but 
“ this peculiarity is soon lost when the teeth get into use. Their 
“insertion is in this manner, that both sides, when seen front in 
X 
“front, would figure like this (), the upper ones turned outward, 
“ the lower ones inwards. The incisors above and below are 
“formed like the first pair of the Lygomaturus teeth, whilst the 
“lower ones resemble the Diprotodon — a curious fact, which 
“ points to one common progenitor.” 
From Eton Yale, I proceeded to Pilton, the property of 
the lion. W. Wilson, M.L.C., which is situated on the heads of 
King’s Creek, which also runs through that magnificent property 
of W. E. Tooth, Esq., Clifton, and empties itself into the 
Condamine River. This creek is generally considered one of the 
richest in fossils, and I think at a future date some very perfect 
specimens will be got, as at the upper part of the creek every 
flood exposes fresh beds. I proceeded over to the Back Creek, a 
tributary of King’s Creek, where on the occasion of a previous 
visit I was able to get a perfect lower jaw of Diprotodon f which n 
proved to be a most valuable addition, as it contained a tooth 
that had only been conjecturally restored by Professor Owen, 
and which (in his letter to Dr. Bennett) he says, “ offers the best 
“ generic distinction from Nototherium .” I w r as not enabled this 
trip to add much to my collection, as being late in visiting this 
locality, the sheep, watering at the creek, had again destroyed my 
chances. 
Perhaps, from my remarks, many persons may be under the 
impression that specimens are only obtained in the banks of 
creeks. On the contrary, Dr. Bennett, in his “Notes on 
Queensland,” mentions a case where they were found in a well 
131 feet deep; and Mr. Place, of St. Helen’s, West Prairie, 
kindly brought me in some specimens (amongst which I readily 
recognised wombat teeth) that had been obtained in a well, sunk 
-on his property, at a depth of 85 feet ; and I know of many 
olher instances of the same at various depths. These discoveries 
of fossil mammals, and the late discovery of nuts and leaves at 
the Clifton Colliery, makes us wonder what this country was in 
former times. J I am under the impression that these plains must 
have been vast lakes, gradually filled up by deposits from the 
ranges and upheavals by volcanic agency. In the case of the 
