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LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 
sive lawns, parks, or plantations, where there is no want 
of room for the attainment of its full size and fair propor- 
tions. Its rapid growth and umbrageous foliage also 
recommend it for wide public streets and avenues. 
The European walnut (/. regia)* or, as it is generally 
termed here, the Madeira nut, is one of the most common 
cultivated trees of Europe, where it was introduced origi- 
nally from Persia. It differs from our Black walnut (which, 
however, it much resembles) in the smooth, grey bark of 
the stem, the leaves composed of three or four pair of 
leaflets, and in the very thin-shelled fruit, which, though 
not exceeding the Black walnut in size, yet contains a 
much larger kernel, which is generally considered more 
delicate in flavor. In the interior of France orchards of 
the walnut are planted, and a considerable commerce is 
carried on in its products, consisting chiefly of the fruit, of 
which large quantities are consumed in all parts of Europe. 
The wood is greatly used in the manufacture of gun-stocks, 
and in cabinet-making (though it is much inferior to the 
American walnut for this purpose) ; and the oil extracted 
from the kernel is in high estimation for mixing with deli- 
cate colors used in painting and other purposes. 
The European walnut is a noble tree in size, and thickly 
clad in foliage. It is much esteemed as a shade tree by the 
Dutch ; and Evelyn, who is an enthusiastic admirer of its 
beauties, mentions their fondness for this tree as in the high- 
est degree praiseworthy. “ The Bergstras [ Bergstrasse ~\ , 
which extends from Heidelberg to Darmstadt, is all planted 
with walnuts ; for as by an ancient law the Borderers were 
obliged to nurse up and take care of them, and that chiefly 
for their ornament and shade, so as a man may ride for 
* ( Jualans laciniata ), Cutlenf Walnut, is a new and curious variety, with 
large scalloped loaves. — II. W. S. 
