270 
LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 
tree, often growing 80 feet high. It can hardly be 
considered a tree capable of being introduced into 
cultivated situations, as it is found only in thick swamps 
and wet grounds. The foliage considerably resembles 
that of the common Arbor Vitae, though rather narrower 
and more delicate in texture. The cones are small and 
rugged, and change from green to a blue or brown tint in 
autumn. In the south it is often called the Juniper. 
The White Cedar furnishes excellent shingles, much 
more durable than those made of either Pine or Cypress ; 
in Philadelphia the wood is much esteemed and greatly 
used in cooperage. “ Charcoal,” according to Michaux, 
“highly esteemed in the manufacture of gunpowder, is 
made of young stocks, about an inch and a half in 
diameter, deprived of their bark ; and the seasoned wood 
affords beautiful lamp-black, lighter and more intensely 
colored than that obtained from the Pine.” 
The American Holly Tree. Ilex. 
Nat. Ord. Aquifoliaceae. Lin. Syst. Dioecia, Tetrandria. 
The European Holly is certainly one of the evergreen 
glories of the English gardens. There its deep green, 
glossy foliage, and bright coral berries, which hang on for 
a long time, are seen enlivening the pleasure-grounds and 
shrubberies throughout the whole of that leafless and 
inactive period in vegetation — winter. It is also, in our 
mother tongue, inseparably connected w T .ith the delightful 
associations of merry Christmas gambols and feastings, 
when both the churches and the dwelling-houses are 
