EMBELLISHMENTS. 
407 
found advantageous to begin, at the reservoir or cistern 
with pipes of a diameter somewhat greater than those 
which deliver the water to the quills, because the water, in 
a pipe of uniform diameter of so great a length, is found 
to lose much of its strength, and become what is tech 
nically called sleepy : while the different sizes quicken it, 
and redouble its force. For example, in a conduit pipe of 
1800 feet in length, the first six hundred feet may be laid 
with pipes of eight inches in diameter, the next 600 feet 
with pipes of six inches in diameter, and the last 600 feet 
\Vith pipes of four inches in diameter. In conduits not 
exceeding 900 feet, the same diameter may be continued 
throughout. When several jets are to play in several 
fountains, or in the same, it is not necessary to lay a fresh 
pipe from each jet to the reservoir ; a main of sufficient 
size, with branch pipes to each jet, being all that is required. 
Where the conduit pipe enters the reservoir or cistern, it 
ought to be of increased diameter, and the grating placed 
over it to keep out leaves and other matters which might 
choke it up, ought to be semi-globular or conical ; so that 
the area of the number of holes in it may exceed the 
area of the orifice of the conduit pipe. The object is to 
prevent any diminution of pressure from the body of 
water in the cistern, and to facilitate the flow of the 
water. Where the conduit pipe joins the fountain, there, 
of course, ought to be a cock for turning the water off and 
on ; and particular care must be taken that as much water 
may pass through the oval hole of this cock as passes 
through the circular hole of the pipe. In conduit pipes, all 
elbows, bendings, and right angles should be avoided as 
much as possible, since they diminish the force of the 
water. In very long conduit pipes, air-holes formed by 
