502 
LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 
J. communis (Common juniper). — This plant, which is the 
S yn . ordinary juniper of Europe, is not the same as 
J. Cracovia. the J. communis , or Canadensis of this country. 
It is found generally on the Continent, and in 
England, a loose, spreading tree or bush, of twelve to eighteen 
feet high ; while on tops of mountains it becomes a straggling 
shrub. There are three varieties of the common European or 
English juniper, all well known, and cultivated in the United 
States, viz. : 
J. communis Suecica (Swedish juniper). — A native of Nor- 
way, Denmark, Sweden, and Russia, a conical, upright growing 
bush, of from twelve to twenty feet, very hardy, we believe, in 
every part of the country. 
/. communis Hibernica (Irish juniper). — A neat, pretty, 
slender variety, found on the mountains of Ireland, more 
upright and delicate than the Swedish, though resembling it. 
It sometimes suffers with us from the sun in midsummer, but 
rarely from the cold, and this we see by our returns, is its 
character generally. 
J. communis compressa — which we imported some years 
since, as Hispanica , or Spanish juniper — seems quite as hardy 
with us as either of the other varieties, being compact and close 
in its habit, but with a less vivid green ; it comes from the 
Apennines. There is another Spanish juniper, called J. thu- 
ripera, from the mountains of Spain, forming a dense, handsome, 
pyramidal tree, tapering to. a point, and growing to the height 
of thirty feet, which we also find entirely hardy. 
J. Japonica (Japan juniper) — is a small, hardy, bush from 
Sy n ' the mountains of Japan, not growing over 
Chinensis procumbens. „ , , . . , ... . 
one or two ieet high, and distinct. 
J. nana (the Dwarf juniper). — Common all over Europe, 
S yn . England, Scotland ; seldom growing over one foot 
j. Aipina, high, but spreading. It is so often taken for J. 
J and eight Canadensis of this country, as to be constantly con- 
others. founded and grown for it. 
J. oblonga pendula (Weeping juniper) — unquestionably the 
Syn. most attractive of the junipers ; a small tree 
J. pendula vera, fifteen to twenty feet high, from the Hakone 
ridge of mountains in the island of Niphon in Japan ; perfectly 
