LYC^NA. 307 
Expands 0-75 to 1-14 inch. Fringes of all the wings white, without spots. The male has all the 
wings deep lilac-blue, with a narrow black border ; there is no discoidal spot on the fore 
wings. Female brown, with an orange hind marginal border on all the wings, the hind 
wings having a row of black spots ; the bases of all the wings are blue, which colour some- 
times suffuses the entire wings. Underside pale grey iu the male, pale brown in the 
female. There are the usual spots and orange bands, the fore wings having two basal spots ; 
the hind wings have an elongated white spot towards the middle of the hind margin. The 
base of all the wings is strongl)- tinged with blue in both sexes. 
" Larva. Shaped like those of its congeners [onisciform], green or olive, with the head black ; 
there is a dorsal stripe of a darker shade than the ground-colour, a lateral stripe of lightish 
green, and on each segment three lateral stripes inclined obliquely from before backwards. 
Feeds on various low-growing Leguminosa, especially on Ononis sj^tinosa, 
" Pupa. Dull green, tinged with brown on the wing-cases." {Lang, I. c.) 
The life-history of this species is given at greater length in Buckler's 
' Larvae of British Butterflies.' 
In the colour of the upper surface the Chinese male specimens of L. icarus 
agree better with the same sex of L. hylas, Esper, from Em-ope, and the 
Indian L. armna, Moore. All the males have a series of black spots on the 
outer margin of secondaries. The ground-colour of the female is rather 
darker than in ordinary European specimens of this sex, or in the females of 
L. armna. The under surface in both sexes is darker than iu typical 
European L. icarus. 
Dr. Staudinger (Eom. sui- Lep. vi. p. 162) records L. icarus from several 
places in Amm-land, and remarks on its exceptional size and great rarity in 
that country. 
The species is not uncommon at high elevations iu the neighboiu-hood of 
Ta-chien-lu, and I have received it from Wa-ssu-kou and How-kow. It does 
not appear to occur in Central China. 
With regard to ariana, Moore, I think there is little doubt that it is the 
Himalayan representative of Z. icarus. Alpheraky (Rom. sui' Lep. v. p. 109) 
records ariana fi-om North-eastern Thibet, and remarks that examples from 
thence do not dilFer from Himalayan specimens. 
A widely distributed species and generally common. It occurs in Em-ope, 
Western Asia, Amurland, Western China, and North Africa. 
Lycaena felicis, 
Lyccenafelicis, Oberthiir, Etud. d'Entom. xi. p. 21, pi. vii. fig. 52 (1886). 
On the upper surface the wings are black as in both sexes of L. eumedon. The under surface of 
