400 LTCENID-^. 
Larva. " The colour of the head dingy green, with a few dark brown markings ; of the bodj-, 
opaque apple-green, the warts being white and the bristles sienna-brown ; in some specimens 
the green is interrupted by three stripes of a delicate purjilish pink, one of them medio-dorsal, 
the others marginal." 
The foregoing description of the larva is that given by Newman in his ' British 
Butterflies,' and is quoted by Dr. Lang (/. c). A more extended life-history 
of the species will be found in Buckler's ' Larvae of British Butterflies and 
Moths,' i. pp, 91-94, where Rmnex acetocella is mentioned as a food-plant, 
but Dr. Lang states that the larva feeds on various species of Rumex. 
Yar. chinensis, Felder. Differs from typical specimens in its larger size, much broader spots of 
the primaries, narrower marginal band on upper surface of secondaries, and larger and more 
distinct spots on the under surface. The type, a female, was from Shanghai. 
I met with this form in the Sno^v^y' Valley at Ningpo. The specimens are 
much larger than any others in my collection. 
Var. timeus, Cramer. " Male. Larger than the typical form. Upperside : fore wing very much 
darker, the coppery colour almost entirely overlaid with blackish ; the black spots larger. 
Otherwise as in the typical form. Female. Larger. Upper surface : fore wing with the 
lower basal area thickly overlaid with blackish scales, having the apical and other portions 
alone of the coppery ground-colour quite clear. Hind wing with the discal blue spots often 
very large and prominent. Otherwise as in the typical form." {de ^IceviUe, I. c.) 
Var. stygianUS, Butler. '■'■Male. Smoky brown ; primaries in certain lights shot with fiery copper; 
spotted with black as in C. timeus {eleus'l, Fabr.) ; two small orange spots beyond the inter- 
rupted black discal series : secondaries with a slender undulated deep reddish-orange band on 
a black ground neai- the outer margin ; above it a series of four or five pale blue hastate 
spots, and above these again beyond the end of the cell two black dots : a black dash at the 
end of the cell. Fringe greyish white. Body blackish. Wings below very like C. timeus, 
but considerably paler, the submarginal black spots of primaries less distinctly white-bordered ; 
the apex and outer margin of primaries and the ground-colour of the secondaries very pale 
grey. Female. Larger than the male, the primaries with the outer third of the cell and the 
subapical area bright orange, the black spots larger, otherwise similar : below slightly 
yellower in tint all over, so that the ground tint of the secondaries has a pale brownish rather 
than greyish hue. Expanse, S 1 inch 4 lines, 5 1 inch 5 lines. 
"Candahar. Common in Ai)ril and May, abundant in June." (Butler, I. c.) 
Timeus, Cramer, and siyyianus, Butler, are both referable to the form 
of C. phlceas known in Europe as var. eleus, Fabricius. 
In his remarks on this species in Japan, Fryer (/. c.) states that it " varies 
greatly in size and coloration according to the time of year that it emerges 
in the perfect state ; early spring forms are small and brightly coloured, often 
