GOXEPTERYX. 439 
Genus GONEPTERYX. 
Gonepteryx, Lcacli, Edinb. Enc. ix. p. 128(1810); Doulilcday, Gen. Diuru. Lcp. i. ji. (19 
(1847). 
Rhodocera, Boisd. Lee. Lep. Amer. Sept. p. 70 (1833) ; Sp. Gen. i. p. 597 (183G). 
" Head broad, densely clothed with erect hairs. 
" Eyes round, rather prominent. 
" Labial palpi longer than the head, clothed with short scales. The first joint curved, eum- 
pressed internally ; second joint at least half as long as the first, subcylindric, tapering, or 
elongate- oval, compressed internally; third joint minute, rounded or oval, placed a little 
below the apex of the second. 
" Antennm short, stout, mostly channelled below, gradually thickened towards the apex, which 
is truncate. 
" Thorax stout, clothed with fine hair. 
"Anterior wings subtriangular, mostly falcate at the apex; the costa much curved near the 
base. The costal nervure stout ; subcostal four-branched : its first nervule thrown off 
about the middle of the cell, the secoud just before the end of the cell, the third about 
midway between the end of the cell and the apex of the wing. First discoidal nervule 
united to the subcostal for some distance beyond the cell, middle disco-cellular less than 
half the length of the lower. Submedian nervure curved downwards near the base. 
Internal nervure short, running into the submedian. 
" Posterior wings mostly angular, sometimes obovate. Precostal nervule simple, mostly merely 
rudimentary. Discoidal nervure appearing to be a third subcostal nervule. Abdominal 
channel very distinct and ample. 
" Xt^;/« rather short. Claws deeply bifid. Paronychia about as long as the claws. Pulvillus 
sometimes wanting. 
" Abdomen rather stout, not so long as the abdominal margin of the posterior wings. 
" Lakva tapering considerably at both extremities, thinly covered with fine hair : the back and 
sides .shagreened. 
" PitjM very pointed at both extremities ; thoracic segments swollen." (Dimhledag, 1. c.) 
Gonepteryx rhamni. (Plate xxxv. fig. 4, var.) 
Papilio rhamni, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. 2, p. 765 (1767). 
Rhodocera rhamni, Boisduval, Sp. Geu. i. p. 602, pi. vi. fig. 7 (1836). 
Gonepteryx rhamni; Lang, Butt. Eur. p. 65, pi. xiv. fig. 4 (1884). 
Rhodocera amintha, Blanchard, Compt. Rend. 1871, p. 810, note. 
Gonepteryx maxima, Butler, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) xv. p. 407 (1885). 
Rhodocera maxima, Pryer, Rhop. Nihon. p. 7, pi. ii. fig. 5 (1886). 
Gonepteryx rhamni, var. amurensis, Graeser, Berl. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. 69. 
" Expands from 2-25 to 2-50 inch. The male has all the wings with a sharply projecting angle 
and of a bright greenish-yellow colour, with an orange discoidal spot on each wing. Under- 
