468 PAPILIOXID.E. 
nervule ; there is a series of triangular black spots on outer margin placed on the nervules, 
their bases united and the apical ones more or less confluent. Secondaries have a black bar 
at end of cell, a submarginal series of black spots extending from costa to second median 
interspace and a series of small triangular black spots on outer margin, placed on the nervules 
and united bj' a black marginal line. Fringes of primaries black except towards inner angle, 
where they are greyish as are those of secondaries. Under surface : venation broadly black ; 
apex of primaries yellow ; secondaries yellow, the area beyond the blackish submarginal 
band and also the abdominal margin paler ; there is a patch of deeper yellow at the base of 
costa, and one below median nervure. 
Female. Black markings more pronounced; all the wings are traversed by a black band and are 
suffused with black on the basal area. Under surface similar to that of the male but the 
secondaries are rather whiter. 
Expanse, (S 70 millim., J OS millira. 
The female of P. dubernardi, which has not been previously described, 
appears to be scarce, but the male seems to be common from May to July at 
high elevations in the neighbourhood of Ta-chien-lu, Ni-tou, Wa-ssu-kow, and 
Chow-pin-sa, Western China. M. Oberthiir's type vpas from Tsekou. 
Referring to this species, Mr. Elwes says, in his " Catalogue of the Lepido- 
ptera of Sikkim " (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888, p. 415) : — " This species is 
only kno\vn to me from some eight or nine specimens v^^hich were brought by 
a native employed by the late Capt. Harman, R.E., in surveying the Thibetan 
frontier, and may not occur on this side of the passes." 
Aporia davidis. (Plate XXXVI. figs, l ? , 3 var.) 
Pieris davidis, Oberthiir, Etud. d'Entom. ii. p. 18, pi. i. fig. 5, (^ (1876) ; Leech, 
Entomologist, xxiv., Suppl. p. 57, ? (June 1891). 
Pieris davidis, var. venata, Leech, 1. c. p. 58. 
Pieris davidina, Oberthiir, Etud. d'Entom. xv. p. 8, pi. iii. fig. 20 (July uec June, 1891). 
"En dessous, les ailes superieures sont blanches, avec le sommet lave d'un peu de jauno plus on 
moins nankin ou canari. Les nervures sont noires, sur un trait brun plus ou moins large. 
Des atomes noirs sont saupoudres dans I'interieur de la cellule discoVdale et ga et la entre les 
nervures. Les ailes inferieures sont jaune paiUe ou jaune vif, avec toutes les nervures 
assez largement empatees de brun ou de noir ardoise. Dans Finterieur de la cellule discoVdale 
sont meme un ou deux traits longitudinaux de la couleur de ceux qui bordent les nervures. 
La frange, les antennes, les pattea sont noires. Je possede Dependant un exemplaire ou la 
frange brune a la base est ensuite blanchatre." {Oherthib; I. c.) 
Male. White with the venation blackish. Primaries black at the base ; submarginal band broad, 
black, and not continued beyond the first median nervule. Secondaries black at the base 
and along the median nervure as far as the first branch ; there is sometimes a black spot at 
outer angle. Fringe pale greyish preceded on all the wings by a fine black line. Under 
surface : the neuration is more broadly black than above ; primaries are tinged with pale 
