PAENASSIUS.— LEPTOCIRCUS. 507 
There i« little doubt that the above descriptions refer to the same insect, 
i. e. P. citrinarius, the only species of the genus so far known to occur in 
Japan. It is common at moderate elevations at Nikko, Central Japan, and 
at Hakodate in the Island of Yesso, where it occurs close to the sea-level. I 
have also received it from the Island of Kiushiu, Japan, and my collectors 
obtained it in Western China at Pu-tsu-fong, and at Chang-yang in Central 
China. 
Considerable variation is exhibited. Some specimens from Hakodate have 
the black discoidal bars and the submarginal band entirely eliminated ; all 
gradations between this form and typical specimens such as that figured 
(Plate XXXIII. fig. 6, s ) are represented. A female example from Pu-tsu- 
fong (Plate XXXIII. fig. 5) is almost entirely melanic. 
Staudiuger (Rom. sur Lep. vi. p. 139) asserts most positively that this 
species is nothing but a form of P. stuhhcndorfii, Menetries *. If he were to 
compare good series of both species, he would discover the following points 
of difi"erence : — P. citrinarius is uniformly larger, but not so rounded in the 
wing as P. stuhhendorjii ; the ground-colour is yellower, and there is always 
a distinct yellow collar: the under surface of the body is also more 
strongly marked with yellow than in any specimens of stuhhendorjii that 
I have seen. In the female the pouch (Plate XXXIII. fig. 5) is much 
shorter and far darker in colour, almost black in fact. 
Some well-marked specimens of P. citrinarius have a superficial resem- 
blance to faintly-marked P. felderi, Bremer. 
Fixsen (Rom. sur Lcp. iii. p. 263) records this species from Corea, under 
the name of P. stuhhendorjii, and states that it occurs there in July. There 
is also a specimen from Corea in Mr. Elwes"s collection. 
Genus LEPTOCIRCUS. 
Leptocircus, Swaiiison, Zool. 111. Ins. ii. p. 106 (1833) ; Doubledayj Gen. Diurn. Lep. i. 
p. 22 (1847). 
" Head large ; forehead broad. 
" Eyes ovate, prominent. 
* Ins. Lehm. p. 57, pi. vi. fig. 2 (1848). 
M. Grum-Grshimailo has sent me specimens of P. stahhendorfii which ho obtained in Amdo ; 
these examples differ from Amurlatid e.xamples in being less marked with black. 
3x 2 
