540 PAPILIOXID^. 
" Alls postiois sinuato-dentatis spathulato-caiidatis, fusco cinereis, abdomine subtus lunulisque 
quinque ad marginem posticum alarum posticarum ochraceis." {KIwj, I. c.) 
Var. mencius, Felder=P. alcinous, var., Gray. " Variety. Male (pi. iv. fig. 3). The primary 
wings brownish black glossed with purple, having streaks of darker colour between the 
nervules and the discoidal cell. The secondary wings brownish black, having the base glossed 
with purple, with four lunes along the outer margin of a red colour with scattered black 
scales. 
" The under surface of the primary wings is pale brownish black, with streaks of darker colour 
between the nervules and in the discoidal cell. The under surface of the secondary wings is 
deep brownish black, with five rosy-red lunes along the outer margin ; and at the anal angle 
there is an abbreviated broad band of rosy red which is paler in part. 
'^Female (pi. iv. fig. 2). The primary wings pale hair-brown with a purplish gloss, and the 
anterior and outer margins brownish black ; the discoidal cell and the spaces between the 
neiTules are marked with black streaks. 
" The secondary wings pale hair-brown with a satiny gloss at the base, while posteriorly they are 
black with a velvety appearance ; five narrow lunes of pinkish white, with scattered black 
scales, run along the outer margin, those towards the anterior angle decreasing in size. 
" The under surface of the primary wings is pale hair-brown slightly tinged with purple, with the 
streaks as seen on the upperside. The under surface of the secondary wings is entirely black, 
more or less with a velvety appearance ; si.\- rosy-red lunes are placed along the outer 
margin, and at the anal angle there is a large spot of the same colour. 
" In Collection (Brit. Mus.) from Northern China. 
" It is called ' Chentih ' by the Chinese." {Grau, 1. c.) 
" Alis nigricantibus, posticis caudis longis, per totam longitudinem a?quilatis, maculis submargi- 
nalibus erythrinis, in pagina superiore quatuor obsoletioribus, in pagina inferiore quinque 
luu^formibus, in femina dimidio basali late olivaeeo-fusco. 
" In collibus prope Ningpo. Geographica mutatio P. alcimi, Klug, japonici, cujus typica specimina 
e iluseo Leydensi et Eerolinensi ante nos habemus ; differt nou solum colore et formatione 
lunnlarum in alis posticis, sed etiam alis magis elongatis ideoque angustioribus et caudis ad 
basin vix attenuatis. Cel. Gray utrumque sexum 1. c. optima figura expressit." {Felder, 
I. c.) 
Var. spathatus, Butler. "Possibly a seasonal form of P. alcinous; the latter species, however, 
was not obtained in Xiphon by Mr. Maries; he obtained shattered males and a single fine 
female in Yesso ; it is therefore more probable that this is a local representative of 
P. alcinous. It difl'ers in its considerably greater size, much longer and more spatulate tails, 
in the heavier black borders and veins on the female, in the much obscured red submarginal 
lunules on the upper surface of the male secondaries, and the broader and dingier submarginal 
curved spots on the female secondaries. Expanse of wings, male, 4 inches 1 line ; female, 
4 inches 10 lines. 
" This is a commoner species than P. alcinous, Avliich (owing to the fact that 
Klug eiToneously figures its female as that sex of his species) it generally 
represents in collections. P. alcinous, female, agrees with the male in size 
and form." {Butler, I. c.) 
