PAPILIO. 549 
from P. helenus are not of the slightest importauce, and do not serve to 
separate Japanese specimens from Chinese or Indian examples. The form to 
which Butler has given the fantastical name of nicconicolens was said to have 
been received from Nikko. Pryer, however, states that he wexox met with 
this insect in the main island of Japan, but only in the south. I found the 
species commonly at Nagasaki and in the province of Higo and Satsuma in 
May ; I also met with it at Hong-Kong, Foochau, and Ningpo. In Central 
and Western China it appears to be a rare species, and I have only received 
it from Ichang and Omei-shan. 
Mr. Elwes (Trans. Ent. Soc. 1888, p. 429) states that P. helenus is one 
of the commonest species of Papilio in Sikkim and occurs at all elevations up 
to 6000 feet, but is most numerous in the low valleys from April to October. 
A widely ranging species, occurring in many parts of India; also in 
Ceylon, Malay Peninsula, Penang, Perak, Malacca, Java, Borneo, Philippines, 
Celebes, Cachar, China, and Japan. 
Papilio rhetenor. 
Papilio rhetenor, Westwood, Arc. Ent. i. p. 59, pi. xvi. figs. 1, 1 a, ^ (18i2). 
Papilio icarius, Westwood, Cab. Orient. Ent. p. 5, pi. ii. ? (1848). 
Papilio {Panosmiopsis, subg. uov.) rhetenor, Wood-Mason & de Niceville, Journ. Asiat. 
Soc. Bang. 1886, p. 374. 
" Alls supra nigro-cyaneo nitidis, posticis oculo incompleto ad angulum ani albo supra rufo ; 
subtus anticis griseis nigro striatis, basi sanguineis ; posticis aterrimis margine omni anali 
late sanguineo nigro maculato angulo ani. albo irrorato. Expana. alar. unc. 5|. 
" This fine species is a native of Assam. On the upperside the wings are of a black colour, tinged 
with very dark blue, especially towards the outer angle of the hind wings, being there increased 
by a number of minute, slender, elongated, blue scales. At tlie anal angle is an incompleto 
eye, formed of a black spot, partially surrounded on the inside with a whitish crescent, the 
upper part of which is tinged with sanguineous. The fore wings beneath are of a grey colour, 
darker towards the base and along the outer edge, with the veins and intermediate longitudinal 
fasciiE black, the base being blood-red, which colour extends broadly along the whole of the 
anal margin of the hind wings (except in the anal fold), marked with a black spot at the 
anal angle, which is much irrorated with white. The sanguineous colour in the next area of 
the wing is marked with three black spots, the middle one being the largest. The head and 
neck above are spotted with dirty white, and the antenna and legs are black. The abdomen 
is wanting in the unique specimen now before me. 
'• ilost nearly allied to the Chinese P. protenoi; but differs in the anal eye, in the extent of the 
sanguineous colour along the whole anal margin of the hind wings, and in wanting the spots 
along the hind margin of the same wings." ( ^ycsiwood, I. c.) 
Ihe female, described by Westwood under the name icarius, differs from the m;de in having the 
