552 PAPILIOXID.E. 
and number in both sexes. In some specimens there are but the faintest 
possible traces of them, and in others they are entirely obliterated. In one 
example of the female there are two white central elongate marks suffused 
Avith the ground-colour and marked with reddish on their outer extremity, 
below them is a reddish spot. None of the Chinese examples have any red 
spot on the tail. 
My collectors met with this species at Moupin, Wa-ssu-kow, and Ni-tou, 
in Western China. 
Papilio polytes. 
PapiUo pohjtes, Liniiffius, Syst. Nat. i. 2, p.. 746 (17G7); Clerck, Icones, pi. xiv. fig. 1 
(1864); Cramer, Pap. Exot. iii. pi. cclxv. figs. A-C (1782) ; Distant, Rhop. Malay, 
p. 347, pi. xxxiii. figs. 7 c?, 8, 9, 10 ? (1885). 
Papilio pammon, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. 2, p. 746 (1767) ; Clerck, Icones, pi. xiv. fig. 2 
(1764) ; Cramer, Pap. Exot. ii. pi. cxli. fig. B (1779). 
Papilio pammon, var. borealis, Felder, Wien. ent. Mou. vi. p. 22 (1861). 
Papilio romulus, Cramer, Pap. Exot. i. pi. xliii. fig. A, ? (1776). 
Laertius romuhis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. i. p. 150, pi. lix. figs. 1 a-c (1881). 
I'apilio jKunmon, var. thibetanus, Oberthllr, Etud. d'Entom. xi. p. 14 (1886). 
" 2Iale. "Wings above blackish or very dark fuscous ; anterior wings with an outer marginal 
series of small creamy spots placed between the nervules ; posterior wings with a transverse 
discal series of large creamy spots divided by the nervules, the fringe alternately creamy and 
blackish. Wings beneath as above, but the posterior wings having a submarginal series of 
luuulate ochraceous spots, two spots a little above anal angle, the uppermost largest, reddish, 
and preceded by some bluish scales, the fringe-like spots much larger than above. Body and 
legs more or less conoolorous with wings. 
" Female. Varietal form A. — Closely resembling the male above, but with a red spot at a little 
above anal angle of posterior wings ; wings beneath as in male, but the reddish spot above 
anal angle of posterior wings duplex, and preceded by a somewhat reddish spot thickly 
rrorated with bluish scales situate between the second and third median nervules. 
" Varietal form E. — Anterior wings above much paler, the basal area darker and with darker 
streaks in cell and between the nervules ; posterior wings with five creamy discal spots, one 
in and near end of cell and four beyond apex of cell divided by the discoidal and first and 
second median nervules, the innermost spot being more or less ochraceous and situate in 
a larger reddish patch irrorated with violaceous scales which extends to abdominal margin, 
and being divided by the lower median nervule ; a submarginal series of reddish lunulate 
spots placed between the nervules, the two within the area of the caudate appendage duplex, 
and a large reddish spot near anal angle with a blackish centre, the fringe alternately creamy 
and blackish. Anterior wings beneath much paler than above ; posterior wings as above, 
but with the submarginal spots larger and irrorated with bluish scales and the fringe-like 
spots also larger than above." (Distant, I. c.) 
