PAPILIO. 553 
This is the commonest form of the female both in the Malaj Peninsula 
and China. 
Var. borealis, Felder. " Alis maris spathulato-caudatis, maculis minutis marginalibus albido- 
ochraceis, poslicis utrinquo fascia albo-sulphurea, maculis abbreviatis, bene distantibus 
formata lunulisque marginalibus angustissimis ochraeeo-albis, subtus maculis parvis extcrnis 
albo-ochraceis, lunula auali fulva maoulisque duabus atomariis cajruleis supra earn. 
"Ning-po. Magnitudiue fere specimiua Indae et Chinse meridionalis geograpbica biEc varietas 
superat. Mas maculis discalibus multo magis separatis, dimidio fere minoribus lunulisque 
marginis angustissimis distinguitur. Femina (formse polytes, Linn.) nisi lunulis cxterioribiis 
alarum posticarum a margine magis remotis a javensibus speciminibus baud recedit. Aber- 
rationem ejus recepimus sat insignem. Ate posticie cnim in pagina superiore tres tantum 
maculas albas sat abbreviatas gerunt, quarum prima inter ramum subcostalem secundum et 
venam discoidalem sita fere punctiformis, tertia autem maouLie minutaj rubescenti, aunexa est. 
Keliquse inferiores minores sunt et omnino rubescunt. Inter venam costalem et ramum sub- 
costalem secundum maculio duiB valde augustatte brunneas conspioiuntur, macularum albarum 
obsoleta quasi contiuuatio. Item macula alba punctiformis in bruniicura colorom tran.sit.'" 
{Felder, I. c.) 
This form only differs from male polijfes in being larger, and in having tlie 
band on secondaries formed of smaller spots. The female of this form agrees 
very Avell with the same sex of polytes as figured by Cramer (/. c). 
M. Oberthiir (/. e.) refers to a variety of this species from Cliapa and 
describes it as follows : — 
Var. thibetanus. " Les tacbes blane jaunatre du disque des ailes infericures sont extreme- 
mont retrecies et partiellement obliterees ; de plus, on voit le long du bord exte'rieur des ailes 
inferieures une rangee intranervurale de croissants fauves, qui se termine par une grosse 
tache anale de mome nuance ; j'ai designe cette variete, dont le facies est tout a fait different 
du type, sous le nom de thibetanus.^' 
Distant, in his ' Ehopalocera Malayana,' gives two figures of the varietal 
form A of the female ; I have examples of both sexes from China which 
agree with his figiu'e 9. Some male specimens from Omei-shan are very 
interesting, because they have red submarginal lunules on the secondaries, 
characters which are generally found only in the female of this species. I 
have a female example from Foochau which is an exact counterpart of these 
males, and a similar specimen of the female is figured in Moore's ' Lepido- 
ptera of Ceylon,' pi. lix. fig. 1 a, under the name Laertias romulm. 
In Southern China 1 captured typical males, and also females exactly 
corresponding with them in colour and marking. In Northern and AVestern 
China the var. borealis appears to be the dominant form, but is subject to 
4u 
