554 PAPILIONIM!:. 
modification ; thus, in the males, the spots forming the central band are 
sometimes exceedingly small and vary in colour from the palest yellow to 
ochreous, there is often a red anal lunule, and in some specimens there are 
red submarginal lunules. The female of the borenlis-ioxm varies in the 
number, shape, and size of the central yellowish spots. 
Ij. -polytes is common in all parts of China Avhich my collectors visited. It 
has been recorded from Japan, but I believe that this is an error. Pryer does 
not mention it, although he was well acquainted with the species as he 
received a large number of specimens from the Loochoo islands. I found the 
insect plentifully in gardens at Foochau and I also met with it at Ningpo. 
Elwes says that it is common in Sikkim, at low elevations. 
PoJytes and jjammon are treated as distinct species by Horsfield and 
Moore in their Catalogue of Lepidoptera in the Museum of the East India 
Company, where the larva and pupa are figured (plate iii. figs. 3, 3 a, 4, 4 a). 
The larva is stated to feed " on a species of Citrus, bearing the native name 
of Junik." Lemon tree and common lime have also been given as food- 
plants. 
Mr. de Niceville (Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. 1885, p. 62) says: — ''the 
commonest Fapilio in Calcutta. AU three forms of the female occur. Larva 
reared on Glycosmis pentaiihylla, yEgJe marmelos, and the common lime." 
Listrihnfwn. India, Ceylon, Perak, Malay Peninsula, Java, Borneo, Philip- 
pines, iSiam, Cochin China, Loochoo, and China. 
I captured Papilio erithonius, Cramer, at Foochau, early in April ; but so 
far it does not appear to have been met with in any part of the region dealt 
with in the present work. 
Papilio aristolochiae. 
Fapi/io orisfuloc/i'ue, Fabricius, Syst. Eut. p. 443 (1775) ; Distant, Rhop. Malay, p. 337, 
pi. xxsi. figs. G, 7, vars. (1885). 
Papilio polidorus, Cramer, Pap. Exot. ii. p. 45, pi. cxxviii. (1777). 
Fapilio diphilus, Esper, Ausl. Schmett. pi. xl. b. fig. 1 (1785-1798). 
Menelaides aristolochice, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Loud. 1882, p. 259. 
" Male. Anterior wings above fuliginous, the basal area blackish, and the retaaining area streaked 
with blackish, both in cell and between the nervules ; posterior wings blackish, with five 
whitish spots beyond cell, the first and smallest situate above the discoidal nervule, the fifth 
between the lower median nervule and the submedian nervure, and a submarginal row of six 
