1982] 
Traniello — Amblyopone pallipes 
69 
NO. OF QUEENS PER COLONY 
Fig. 3. — Frequency distribution of the number of dealate females in 19 queenright 
colonies. 
Although the complete sequence of colony reproduction has not 
been observed, the studies of Haskins (1928, 1979) and Haskins and 
Enzmann (1938) provide some evidence of its organization. Early in 
September, winged females leave the nest and disperse over short 
distances, finally alighting on the ground or low vegetation. Then, 
with gaster arched and sting partially extruded, they “call” males 
with a chemical sexual attractant. Males quickly locate females, 
copulation ensues, and soon after insemination females shed their 
wings and re-enter the soil; perhaps they return to the parent nest. 
