82 
Psyche 
[Vol. 89 
euamignathus (Silvestri), Cornitermes cumulans (Kollar), Cortariter- 
mes silvestri (Holmgren), Nasutitermes sp., Procornitermes araujoi 
(Emerson), Syntermes dirus (Burmeister), Velocitermes paucipilis 
(Mathews); subfamily Termitinae, Orthognathotermes gibberorum 
(Mathews). 
Methods and Results 
This study was conducted primarily in the Distrito Federal, Brazil 
(15 47'S 47 56'W) with supporting work done in Emas National 
Park, Goias State (18 19'S 52 45'W). Both areas are located within 
the cerrado sensu latu vegetation type. Cerrado (sensu latu ) is a 
semi-deciduous xeromorphic savanna vegetation found in the inter- 
mediate rainfall (750-2000 mm/ yr) area of Brazil. It is characterized 
by woody plants with thick bark and coreaceous leaves and a sea- 
sonal ground layer of grasses and herbs. Although geographically 
and floristically the cerrado vegetation zone is very uniform, physi- 
onomically it shows considerable variation (Eiten 1972). The types 
of cerrado sensu latu which were examined in this study are campo 
limpo (grassland), campo sujo (grassland with shrubs), cerrado 
sensu strictu (woodland) and cerradao (dense, tall cerrado). Within 
the cerrado zone, gallery forest vegetation is found on the wet, more 
fertile soils along river courses; however this was excluded from the 
present study as it supports a termite fauna which differs greatly 
from that of the other vegetation types (Coles 1980). 
I. The Termites 
A. Comparative Morphology 
Figure 1 depicts soldiers of the eight species of termites examined 
in this study, with a worker head of the soldierless species Grigio- 
termes provided for comparison, while Tables 1 and 2 provide 
information on the fresh weights and total body lengths. Table 2 
also provides measurements of mandible length, nasus length, head 
length, head width and head depth for the soldiers (position of 
measurements depicted in Figure 2). 
As can be seen from these data, the termite species in this study 
can be placed along a spectrum based on soldier and head shape. 
The two ends of this spectrum are ‘well-developed nasus/ vestigial 
mandibles’ (such as Nasutitermes) and ‘no nasus /verv well-devel- 
