238 
Psyche 
[Vol. 89 
Shapiro, A. M. 
1979. The phenology of Pieris napi microstriata (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) dur- 
ing and after the 1975-1977 California drought, and its evolutionary 
significance. Psyche 86:1-10. 
Sullivan, C. R., and D. R. Wallace. 
1967. Interaction of temperature and photoperiod in the induction of pro- 
longed diapause in Neodiprion sertifer. Can. Entomol. 99:834-850. 
Tauber, C. A., and M. J. Tauber. 
1981. Insect seasonal cycles: Genetics and evolution. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 
12:281-308. 
Tepedino, V. J., AND P. F. Torchio. 
1982a. Temporal variability in the sex ratio of a non-social bee, Osmia lignaria 
propinqua Cresson. Extrinsic determination or the tracking of an opti- 
mum? Oikos 38: 1 77-182. 
1982b. Phenotypic variability in nesting success among Osmia lignaria propin- 
qua females in a glasshouse environment (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). 
Ecol. Entomol. 7:453^462. 
Torchio, P. F. 
1975. The biology of Perdita nuda and descriptions of its immature forms and 
those of its Sphecodes parasite (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). J. Kansas 
Entomol. Soc. 48:257-279. 
1976. Use of Osmia lignaria Say (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Megachilidae) as a 
pollinator in an apple and prune orchard. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 
49:475-482. 
Torchio, P. F., and V. J. Tepedino. 
1980. Sex ratio, body size and seasonality in a solitary bee, Osmia lignaria 
propinqua Cresson (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Evolution 34: 
993-1003. 
Waldbauer, G. P. 
1978. Phenological adaptation and the polymodal emergence patterns of 
insects, pp. 127-144. In Evolution of Insect Migration and Diapause. H. 
Dingle (ed.) Springer-Verlag, New York. 
Wallace, D. R., and C. R. Sullivan. 
1974. Photoperiodism in the early balsam strain of the Neodiprion abietis 
complex (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Can. J. Zool. 52:507-513. 
