THE DIAMOND RATTLESNAKE. 
103 
The Rattlesnakes are pecnliar to America, embraced in the family Crotalidce , the latter 
term meaning, in the G-reek, rattlers, referring to the characteristic habit of some of the 
species. They have two fangs on the npper jaw, which are grooved, and suited to deliver the 
liquid poison which lies in a sac at the roots. Eighteen species of Rattlesnakes are now 
known in North America. 
The Northern Rattlesnake ( Orotalus horridus ), called also the Banded Rattlesnake, 
is the more common of the few species of this dreaded family of reptiles. It is illustrated 
together with the Orotalus adamanteus , another American Rattlesnake. The Banded Rattle- 
snake is found in rocky places on dry soil, reaching in its range as far north as the middle of 
New England and New York State, west as far as the Rocky Mountains, and south to the 
Gulf States. Along the shores of Lake Champlain it is particularly abundant. Dr. DeKay, 
the eminent zoologist of the State of New York, gives the following from a local newspaper 
of the day : — 
“Two men in three days killed eleven hundred and four Rattlesnakes on Tongue Moun- 
tain, in the town of Bolton, New York.” 
THE DIAMOND AND THE NORTHERN RATTLESNAKE.— Crotons adamanteus and Orotalus horridus. (One-teDth natural size.) 
The popular belief that a rattle is added yearly is not correct. Dr. Holbrook, the author 
on American Reptiles, says he has known one to add two rattles in a year, and Dr. Bachman 
observed four added in the same period. Mr. Peale, of the Museum in Philadelphia, kept a 
Rattlesnake fourteen years. It had, when first confined, eleven rattles. Several were lost 
annually, and new ones took their place. At its death there were but eleven rattles, though 
it had increased in length four inches. Holbrook saw one having twenty-one rattles. Accounts 
are occasionally given of a more numerous series. We have an example of one bearing 
twenty-four rattles. This is probably about the limit. The pretended powers of “charming” 
are not credited by naturalists. 
The Diamond Rattlesnake is strictly a Southern species, being confined to the sea- 
board below the Carolinas. Its habits differ, in so far that this one inhabits damp, shady 
places ; hence the local name, Water Rattle. In size it exceeds the Banded species, some 
