236 
THE LANCELET. 
apparently as an organ of prehension, and the tongue is supplied with a double row of smaller 
but powerful teeth on each side, acting on the principle of a rasp. The Myxine can scarcely 
be said to possess any bones, the only indication of a skeleton be in g the vertebral column, 
which is nothing more than a cartilaginous tube, through which a probe can be passed in either 
direction. The stiuctuie of the breathing-organs is very remarkable. A double row of 
branchial cells take the place of gills or lungs, and are supplied with water through a spiracle 
in the upper part of the head, and two little apertures on the under surface. 
The color of the Hag-fish is dark brown above, taking a paler tint on the sides, and 
grayish-yellow below. Its length is generally about a foot or fifteen inches. 
The last of the fishes is a creature so unfish-like that its real position in the scale of nature 
was long undecided, and the strange little being has been bandied about between the vertebrate 
and invertebrate classes. Between these two great armies the Lancelet evidently occupies 
the neutral ground, its structure partaking with such apparent equality of the characteristics 
of each class, that it could not be finally referred to its proper rank until it had been sub- 
mitted to the most careful dissections. In fact, it holds just such a position between the 
vertebrates and invertebrates as does the lepidosiren between the reptiles and the fishes. 
It has no definite brain, at all events it is scarcely better defined than in many of the 
insect tribe, and is only marked by a rather increased and blunted end of the spinal cord. It 
has no true heart, the place of that organ being taken by pulsating vessels, and the blood being 
LANCELET .— Amphioxus lanceolatus. 
quite pale. It has no bones, the muscles being merely attached to soft cartilage, and even the 
spinal cord is not protected by a bony or even horny covering. The body is very transparent, 
and is covered by a soft delicate skin without any scales. There are no eyes, and no apparent 
ears, and the mouth is a mere longitudinal fissure under that part of the body which we are 
compelled, for want of a better term, to call the head, and its orifice is crossed by numerous 
cirrhi, averaging from twelve to fifteen on each side. Altogether, it really seems to be a less 
perfect and less developed animal than many of the higher mollusks. 
The habits of this remarkable fish are very curious ; and it will be better to give the 
original accounts in the words of the narrators, than to condense or paraphrase them. 
The first history of the Lancelet is given by Mr. Couch, who was the first captor of the 
fish on the North Sea. He saw its transparent tail projecting from beneath a stone on the 
shore at low tide, and swept it into his hand together with some water. “When alive, ’ 
