Useful Formulas for Spraying 
Plant. 
Apple 
Cherry 
Currant 
Gooseberry (Eng.). 
Grape 
Peach, Nectarine. . 
Pear 
Plum 
Potato 
First Application. 
Before the buds burst, 
copper sulphate so- 
lution. 
As buds are breaking, 
Bordeaux. W h e n 
aphis appears, kero- 
sene emulsion. 
At first sign of worms, 
arsenites. 
When leaves expand, 
Bordeaux. 
In spring before buds 
swell, copper sul- 
phate solution. 
Before buds swell, cop- 
per sulphate solution. 
As buds are swelling, 
copper sulphate so- 
lution. 
When buds are swel- 
ling, copper sulphate 
solution. 
When beetles first ap- 
pear, arsenites. 
Second Application. 
Just before blossoms 
open, Bordeaux. 
When fruit has set, 
Bordeaux. 
io days later, helle- 
bore. If leaves mil- 
dew; Bordeaux* 
10-14 days later, Bor- 
d. aux. 
When leaves are 1 to 
1 1 / 2 inches in diam- 
eter, Bordeaux. 
Before flowers open, 
Bordeaux. 
Just before blossoms 
open, Bordeaux; ker- 
osene emulsion 
when leaves open, 
for psvl'a. 
When blossoms have 
fallen, Bordeaux 
and arsenites. 
When vines aie two- 
thirds grown, Bor- 
deaux and arsenites. 
Third Application. 
W h e n blossoms 
have fallen, Bor- 
deaux and arse- 
nites. 
10-14 days later if 
rot appears, Bor- 
deaux. 
I f worms persist, 
hellebore. 
10-14 days later, am- 
moniacal copper 
sulphate. 
\\ hen flowers are 
open, Bordeaux. 
When fruit is grown, 
Bordeaux. 
After blossoms have 
fallen, Bordeaux 
and arsenites. 
10-14 days later, Bor- 
deaux and arse- 
nites. 
5-15 days later, Bor- 
deaux. 
Fourth Application 
8-12 days later, Bor- 
deaux and arse- 
nites. Repeat 14 
days later, if nec- 
essary. 
10-14 days later, am- 
moniacal copper 
carbonate. 
10-14 days later, re 
peat third. 
10-14 days later, Bor- 
deaux. Repeat if 
disease again ap- 
pears. 
5-7 days later, am- 
moincal copper 
carbonate. 
8-12 days later, re- 
peat third. Re- 
peat if disease 
again appears. 
10-20 days later, 
Bordeaux. 
BORDEAUX MIXTURE. 
Copper sulphate 6 pounds. 
Quicklime 4 “ 
Water 40 gallons. 
Bordeaux mixture is made by dissolving 6 pounds of 
copper sulphate in say 5 gallons of hot water. Take 4 
pounds of fresh caustic lime, adding water enough to 
make a thin whitewash; fasten a piece of coarse sack- 
ing over the barrel containing the solution of blue- 
stone, and strain the thin whitewash into it. When 
this is done, add enough water to bring the whole up 
to 40 gallons. The cost of this will not exceed 1 p 
cents per gallon. It is necessary to add the lime in 
order to prevent the copper sulphate from injuring the 
foliage. I11 order to kill the apple worms before they 
have time to eat their way into the apples, it is neces- 
sary to add Paris green to poison the worms. The 
proportion that is advised is at the rate of 1 pound of 
Paris green to 200 gallons of water. This would re- 
quire 6 2-5 ounces of Paris green to be added to the 40 
gallons of Bordeaux mixture. Six ounces, however, 
will be found to be sufficient. By thus combining the 
poisonous Pai is green with the copper sulphate, we are 
able to kill two birds with one stone; to prevent the 
fungus from making the apple scabby, and the young 
worms of the codling moth from spoiling the fruit. 
AMMONIACAL COPPER CARBONATE. 
Copper carbonate 1 ounce. 
Ammonia. . enough to diss lve the copper. 
Water 9 gallons. 
The copper carbonate is best dissolved in large bot- 
tles, where it will keep indefinitely, and should be 
diluted with water as required. For same purpose as 
Bordeaux. 
COPPER SULPHATE. 
Fresh white hellebore 1 ounce. 
Water 3 gallons. 
Apply when thoroughly mixed. For insects which 
chew. 
KEROSENE EMULSION. 
Hard soap l A pound 
Boiling water 1 gallon. 
Kerosene 2 gallons. 
Dissolve the soap in the water, add the kerosene, 
and churn with a pump for 5 to 10 minutes. Dilute ten 
times before applying. For insects which suck, cab- 
bage worms, and all insects which have soft bodies. 
COPPER SULPHATE SOLUTION. 
Copper sulphate 1 pound. 
Water 15 gallons. 
Dissolve copper sulphate in the water, when it is 
ready for use. This should never be applied to foliage 
but must be used before the buds break. For peaches 
and nectarines, use 25 gallons of water. For fungous 
diseases. 
PARIS GREEN. 
Paris green 1 pound. 
Water 250 gallons. 
If this mixture is to be used upon peach trees, 1 pound 
of quicklime should be added. Repeated applications 
will injure most foliage, unless lime is added. Paris 
green and Bordeaux can be applied together with per- 
fect safety. The action of neither is weakened , and the 
Paris green loses all caustic properties. For insects 
which chew. 
