172 
SALLE’ 8 HERMIT HUMMING-BIRD. 
fire, stretching out its glorious ruff as if to emulate the sun itself in splendor. Towards the 
close of May the females were sitting, at which time the males were uncommonly quarrelsome 
and vigilant, darting out at once as I approached the tree, probably near the nest, looking like 
an angry coal of brilliant fire, passing within very little of my face, returning several times to 
the attack, sailing and darting with the utmost velocity, at the same time uttering a curious 
reverberating sharp bleat, somewhat similar to the quivering twang of a dead twig, yet also so 
much like the real bleat of some small quadruped, that for some time I searched the ground 
instead of the air for the actor in the scene. 
u At other times the males were seen darting high up in the air, and whirling about each 
other in great anger and with much velocity. After these manoeuvres, the aggressor returned 
to the same dead twig, where for days he resolutely took his station, displaying the utmost 
courage and angry vigilance. The angry hissing or bleating note seems something like 
wht’ £ £ V £ s7i me, tremulously uttered as it whirls and sweeps through the air, accompanied 
also by something like the whirr of the night hawk. On the 29th of May I found a nest in a 
forked branch of the Nootka bramble ( Rubus nutkanus). The female was sitting upon two 
eggs of the same shape and color as those of the common species, TrocMlus colubris. The 
nest also was similar, but somewhat deeper. As I approached, the female came hovering 
round the nest, and soon after, when all was still, she resumed her place contentedly.” 
The nest of this bird measures, according to Audubon’s description, two inches and a 
quarter in height and an inch and three-quarters in breadth at the upper part, and is com- 
posed of mosses, lichens, and feathers, woven together with delicate vegetable fibres. The 
lining is very soft cotton. Another observer, Dr. Townsend, compares the curious note of this 
bird to the sound which is produced by the rubbing together of two branches during a high 
wind. 
The birds which compose the genus Phaethornis are remarkable for the very long and 
beautifully graduated tail, all the feathers being long and pointed, and the two central far 
exceeding the rest. The two sexes are mostly alike, both in the color and shape of their 
plumage and in size. These birds inhabit Venezuela and the Carracas, being generally found 
in the richest district of those localities, where the flowers blossom most abundantly. All the 
Hermits build a very curious and beautiful nest, of a long funnel-like form tapering to a 
slender point, and woven with the greatest neatness to some delicate twig or pendent leaf 
by means of certain spiders’ webs. The material of which it is made is silky cotton fibre, 
intermixed with a woolly kind of furze, and bound together with spider-web. Next we 
describe Salle’s Hermit. 
Very little is known of its habits, but, like the generality of Humming-birds, it does not 
possess any great power of voice. Indeed, even in the few instances where one of these birds 
is gifted with vocal powers, its song is of a feeble and uncertain character. The best songster 
of all the Humming-birds appears to be the Vervain Humming-bird {Mellisuga minima ), 
which, according to Mr. Bullock, can sing, although not very perfectly. 
‘ £ He had taken his station on the twig of a tamarind-tree which was close to the barn and 
overspread part of the yard ; there, perfectly indifferent to the number of persons constantly 
passing within a few yards, he spent most of the day. There were few blossoms on the tree, 
and it was not the breeding season, yet he most pertinaciously kept absolute possession of his 
domain ; for the moment any other bird, though ten times as large as himself, approached 
near his tree, he attacked it most furiously and drove it off, always returning to the same 
twig he had before occupied, and which he had worn quite bare for three or four inches by 
constantly feeding on it. I often approached within a few feet with pleasure, observing his 
tiny operations of cleaning and pluming, and listening to his w'eak, simple, and oft-repeated 
note. I could easily have caught him, but was unwilling to destroy so interesting a little 
visitant, who had afforded me so much pleasure. 
“In my excursions I procured many of the same species, as well as the long -tailed black 
and a few others, as well as the one I have mentioned as the smallest yet described, but which 
has the finest voice of any. I spent some agreeable hours in the place that had been the 
