1861.] 
45 
Notices of New Works. 
instance as) ‘ Devadatta made a mat,’ (the verb must be in the prete- 
rite). Why does he say, ‘but when the fact could be seen by the 
person who uses the verb ?’ (because in such an instance as) ‘ accord- 
ing to the legend \ asudeva killed Kansa,’ (the verb must likewise 
be in the preterite).”* 
“ Hence he plainly informs us, and this is acknowledged also by 
Nagojibhatta, that he lived at the time — -though he was not on the 
spot — ‘ when the Yavana besieged Ayodhya’, and at the time when 
‘ the 1 avana besieged the Madhymikas.’ For the very contrast 
which he marks between these and the other instances, proves that he 
intended practically to impress his contemporaries with a proper 
use of the imperfect tense.” 
The Madhyamikas are the well-known Buddhist sect founded by 
Nagarjuna ; and the only period in which the conquests of the Greek 
kings in Bactria and Cabul could have extended as far as Oudh, must 
have been under Menander, who reigned from B. C. 144 to about 
B. C. 124. One coin of his has been found at Mathura, and Strabo 
expressly says, “ ■n-Xeiou Wvrj KareaTpeif/avTo bi EAA/jves rj AAe£arSpos /cat 
paXio’ra MevarSpos (et ye Kai tov 'Ytto.vlv Si£{3t] 7rpos eaj /cat peypt tov 
lofJMVOV 7T porjXOe).” 
If these conjectures be correct Patanjali was a contemporary of 
Menander, and thus one cardinal date has been ascertained in the 
chaos of ancient Indian chronology. 
For the work itself, of which Dr. Goldstiicker has here published 
a facsimile, we much regret that he has withheld from us the results 
of his editorial labours. A facsimile of the original is no doubt 
precious, but ‘ ars longa, vita brevis ,’ and why must every one spend 
his days and eyesight over a corrupt text which the learned editor is 
> # PaiJlm Katyayana, xf 
Patanjali, xf I ^HPqefsr: 
<tttw f^sS i i 
%f4rf\^Trr ^frT i xjurrc ^nr' i 
I SjqTvr qffj Kaiyyata | O w ri ^U?r 
'TG’insI'T 5t7Jf^Tigfrr?(T^ra«Ii!r x;ffr f>Tt>*IWPT: Nagojibhatta, 
wnq 5jgr^f<T ftfTfl I u wnt i 
n <3'3J3TT^r: ^f(T 
