23 G 
[No. 3, 
Notes on the River Yang-tse-Kiang. 
were, when we saw them, very superior to those lower down the 
river, though they would present the same wretched appearance 
after a visit from the rebels ; the dress of the people is the same, 
but they look better off and the farm houses and others are better 
built ; they stand among clumps of bambus and fruit trees, each 
detached house having its own garden surrounded by a fence ; there 
is a greater appearance of comfort here than in any part of China 
I have seen, but the universal reservoirs of liquid manure forbid a 
close inspection. 
At the town of Fu (chow) on the right bank, the river Kiang- 
tan-ho falls in ; it is said by the boatmen to be navigable for some 
distance above its mouth, and to be one of the routes by which traffic 
is carried on between Canton and the West of Sz’chuan ; redoubts 
of masonry have been built on four high peaks near its mouth. 
Below the town of Chang-show (hien) on the left bank, a small 
clear river joins the Yang-tse ; near its mouth are many rocks, reefs, 
and shoals, but deep water is found near the right bank. 
In all the districts above Chang-show the country people have 
banded themselves together against the rebels ; the rebels in the 
West all go by the name of “ Tu-feh” or local robbers, and are in 
no way connected with the “ Taipings” of Nankin ; they are both 
called “ Chang-mao” or long hairs, but the Tufeh cut off the queue 
which the Taipings retain in ease of falling into the hands of the 
mandarins. 
A narrow gorge leads round a bend of the river to Limin, a walled 
town on the left bank separated only from Chung-king by the river 
Hochow or Hokiang ; along the whole front of both these towns 
and in the Hochow river, numbers of both large and small junks 
were either at anchor or moving about ; there was every sign of a 
great amount of business being carried on. 
Chung-king (foo) is most admirably situated for a trading port, 
being at the mouth of the Hochow coming from the North of 
Sz’chuan ;■ about 120 miles farther up the Yang-tze the river Fusung 
falls in also from the North ; eighty miles above this the Min (ho), 
coming from the North, joins at Siicliow, the river being connected 
with Ching-tu (foo), the capital of the province, by a canal. The 
Hochow is navigable for large junks as far up as the town of Shiin- 
king, and probably higher when the river rises. Articles of mer- 
