2J.2 
PUPA (VERTIGO) ARCTICA, WALLENBERG, 
AND ITS OCCURRENCE IN ICELAND, ETC.. 
HANS SCHLESCH. 
‘Testa subperforata, cylindraceo-creata, tenuis, subtilissime- 
striatula, epidermide brunnea scepe alba, nitidula, pellucida ; spira 
com exo-conica ; anfractus 5 vel 5| convexi, sutura profunda „ 
antice ascendens ; columella plica- obtusa, paries aperturalis plica 
compressa fere mediana, apertura triangularis, peristoma reflex- 
iiisculum, labro externo modice arcuato, dcnticulo ob sol etissi mo- 
ante mediano.’ — (Morch). 
This genuine northern species was named in 1858 by 
\\ allenberg* * * § , but was in 1842 already described by Moller 
as Pupa hoppei f from Greenland. Later, it was found 
identical with the Pupa arctica of Wallenberg and finally 
Pupa steenbuchii Beck.i P. tirolensis Gredler § and Pupa tatrica 
Hazay || were placed under this species. 
Already Eggert Olafsson had mentioned a Cylindrus testa 
tota spirali ad extremitates obtusa, spiris 6 , ore angustissimo r 
a curious shell, of the size of a cabbage seed. The two whorls 
near the aperture are flesh-coloured, the others blue-grey. The 
specimens are found in the field among grass and moss, on and 
near the rocks near Saudlauksdalur in Bardastrandarsyssel. 
\\ est Iceland. It seems certain that Eggert Olafsson’s species 
is the same as Pupa arctica. Prof. J. Steenstrup found on 
his visit to Iceland in 1839-40 a fragment of this very interesting 
species, but Morch** mentions no locality. In 1912 it was 
found again by Mr. F. H. Sikes ff on the rocks near Isafjordur 
and during a visit to the interior parts of a fiord of the same 
name in July 1913,!+ the present writer found Pupa arctica 
in Heidalur in Mjofifjdrdur and Kaldalon and Armula in the 
vicinity of the mighty Drangajokul. 
The species is in all probability distributed over all Iceland, 
likewise in Greenland to 70° n. lat .§§ In Norway it is found, 
according to B. Esmark,* in Gaustafjeld (Telemarken), Vardo, 
the Nordcap, Porsangerfjords, several places in the South 
^ aranger 660 m. high on Svendborgtind in Maalselvedalen. 
In Sweden, according to Westerlund and Odhner, from the 
* Moll. Lappl. Lulea, 1858, p. 18, f. 3-4. 
t Index Moll. Groenlandiae, 1842, p. 4. 
+ Aintl. Bericht. 24 Versamml. Deutscher Naturf. u. Aerzte. 84f.jp. 122.. 
§ N’achtrage zu Tirols Land u. Siisswasser Conchylien, 1869. 
Die Molluskenfauna der Nordlichen Karpaten, etc., 1883, p. 356. 
‘ Rejse igennem Island,' published by the ‘Academy of Scientific’ in. 
Denmark, 1772, p. 1019. 
** ‘ Faunula Moll. Islandiae,’ Copenhagen, 1868, p. 199. 
■ft ‘Journal of Conchology,’ 1913, p. 56. JJ ‘ Naturalist,’ 1913, p. 420. 
§§ Posselt : ‘ Grcinlands Brachiopoder og Bloddyr,’ Copenhagen, 1898, p. 
264. Quoted from Nisik (Goodthaab), Ameralik, Kangerdluarsuk and Mud- 
derbugten in Disko-Island (all in the Zool. Mus. in Copenhagen). 
* ‘ Land and Freshwater Mollusca of Norway’ (Jour, of Con., 1886, p. 111). 
Naturalist, 
