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2 INTRODUCTION. 
but not so long as the proper Perennials. The wallflowers and the hollyhocks maybe given as familiar 
examples of this class of plants. I shall also include the tuberous-rooted perennials; such as the 
Anemones and the Dahlias ; and, in short, all the herbaceous flowering plants commonly found in 
gardens, which have not been already described in my previous works on the Annuals and the Bulbs. 
The botanical arrangement of this work will be found to be a little different from that of the 
Annuals ; as in that work I adopted Dr. Lindley's arrangement of the Natural System, whereas in the 
present one I have followed the late Professor De CandoUe. I have done this, because, since my 
former work was published, the University of London, and the Apothecaries' Company, have decided 
that young men studying botany, with a view to the medical profession, shall be examined according to 
De CandoUe's system ; and this circumstance appears so completely to have given it the ascendancy 
over all the other systems, that even Dr. Lindley's own works on Elementary Botany that have been 
published lately, have been written in accordance to it. 
In the present Edition of the Work, which is printed on a larger paper, chiefly for the sake of 
giving a larger margin to the plates, all the errors of press, with which I am acquainted, are 
corrected ; and I trust it will continue to be honoured with its share of public favour. 
J. W. L. 
Bayswater. 
January 22, 1849. 
