84 THE LADIES' FLOWER-GARDEN 
GENUS I. 
VIOLA, Toum. THE VIOLET. 
anthers furnished with long awl-like appendages. Capsules triagonal. 
Valves opening with elasticity. (G. Don.) 
Lin. Sysl. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA 
Generic Chiracter. — Calyx with unequal sepals, all drawn out 
at the base into ear-like appendages. Lower petal drawn out at the 
base into a hollow spur. Stamens approximate, the two anterior 
Description, &c — Though two species belonging to this genus (namely the Violet and the Heartsease) are 
well known, the numerous others included in it are seldom seen, and still more rarely cultivated in private 
gardens. The name of Viola is said to be derived from lo, who, when transformed into a cow, is fabled to have 
eaten violets as the first food she took. 
1— VIOLA PEDATA, Lin. THE CUT-LEAVED VIOLET. 
Engoavinos.— Bot. Mag. t. 89; Swt. Brit. Flow. Gard. t. 69; 
And. Bot. Rep. t. 153. 
Specific Character. — Stigma large, compressed at the sides, ob- 
liquely truncate at the top, and perforated with a very short beak. 
Leaves full of pellucid dots, pedately many-parted ; segments linear- 
lanceolate, variously lobed ; stipules pectinately jagged, adhering a con- 
siderable way. Petals all smooth, superior one truncate. Sepals 
lanceolate, acute, ciliated, emarginate behind. (G. Do7i.) 
Desceiption, &c — This species is a native of Virginia, from which country it was introduced about 1759' 
It has deeply-cut leaves, which are divided so as to look somewhat like those of the heartsease ; and the flowers 
are blue, with a white centre. This species must be grown in very sandy loam, and it is propagated by dividing 
the roots, as it seldom ripens seeds in this country. In very severe weather it requires a little shelter ; and, 
indeed, it will always flower best if sheltered a little during winter. 
F. septemloha, V. pedatijida, and V. digitata, all natives of North America, are nearly allied to this species. 
2.— VIOLA FLABELLIFOLIA, Lodd. FAN-LEAVED VIOLET. 
Specific Character. — Style pubescent, stigma aa in V. pedata. 
Leaves pedately 5 — 7-parted ; partitions cunCated, cut ; stipules 
jagged, adhering a considerable way, petals smooth. (G. Don.) 
SvNONYME'i. — V. pedata, var. bicolor, Pursh. ; V. atropurpiirea, 
Haf. ; V. pedata, var. flabellata, D. Don. 
Engiiavings. — Swt. Brit. Flow. Card., 2d ser. t. 247 ; Lodd. Bot. 
Cab. t. 777 ; and omfig. 1 in Plate 20. 
Description, &c. — This species is extremely beautiful, from the rich velvety appearance of the upper petal, 
which is much darker than the others. The leaves are cut into narrow lobes, like the sticks of a fan ; they have 
numerous minute dots, and are of a fleshy substance. The plant grows about six inches high, and the root has 
a large fleshy crown. It is a native of the southern provinces of North America, whence it was introduced 
about 1820. It is quite hardy, and should be grown in loam and bog earth. It is propagated by dividing or 
rather taking the offsets from the root. 
3.— VIOLA PALMATA, Lin. THE PALMATE-LEAVED VIOLET. 
Engravings. — Bot. Mag. t. .^S.*) ; and omt jig. 4 in Plate 20. 
Specific Character. — Nearly smooth, or sometimes a little pubes- 
cent ; stigma capitate, recurved, beaked, depressed, marginate ; rhizoma 
fleshy, thick ; leaves hastately cordate, palmately lobed ; lobes poly- 
morphous (rarely undivided) ; sepals ciliated, ovate-lanceolate, entire 
behind ; lateral petals bearded, with the claws of all keeled. (G. Don.) 
Description, &c. — There are many varieties of this species, some of which have fragrant flowers, and others 
flowers variegated with blue and white. The flowers of the species are blue, and the leaves are large and 
