90 THE LADIES' FLOWER-GARDEN 
CHAPTER IX. 
CARYOPHYLLE.E, OR SILENACEiE. 
Chauacter of the Order. — Calyx five-toothed, five-cleft, or five- 
ported, or of five sepals. Petals four or five, unguiculate, rarely 
absent. Stamens four or five, or eight or ten, hypogynous. Capsule 
two or five-valved, one or five-ceiled ; placenta central. Nodose 
articulated herbs j leaves simple, opposite, or verticillato, rising from 
the nodi, (G. Don.) 
Description, &c. — This order contains numerous handsome plants, but none more universally cultivated 
than the Pink and Carnation, both belonging to the genus Dianthus. Botanically, the plants belonging to it 
are characterised by the long claws of the petals, the opposite, narrow, undivided leaves, which have no stipules, 
the jointed stems, and the swelling of the stem at the joints, which are the nodes from which the leaves spring. 
The order is divided into two sections, viz. Silenece, which includes all the species with a tubular calyx ; and 
AlsinecB, the species in which have the sepals of the calyx distinct, but the latter division contains mostly weeds. 
GENUS I. 
DIANTHUS, Lin. THE PINK. 
Lin.Syst. DECANDRIA DIGYNIA. 
Generic Character Calyx tubular, five-toothed, furnished with two or six imbricated opposite scales at the base. Petals five, with long claws. 
Stamens ten. Styles two. Capsule one-celled. Seeds compressed. (G. Don.) 
Description, &c. — The beauty and fragrance of most of the flowers belonging to this genus are so con- 
spicuous, as almost to justify the name given to it of Dianthus, which signifies " divine flower." The leaves 
are evergreen, and of a glaucous colour ; so that even in winter a bed of pinks and carnations has a clothed and 
cheerful appearance. They are small and neat in shape, and have their veins in parallel lines like a mono- 
cotyledonous plant, only the midrib being conspicuous. Tho veins of the petals, however, are reticulated. 
Botanically the genus Dianthus is interesting from its calyx, which is tubular, being surrounded by a number 
of what are called calycine scales. These scales in most of the species lie close together, like tiles on the roof 
of a house ; but in the Sweet William, and its allied species, they are lengthened into the appearance of sharply- 
pointed leafy bracts. There are numerous species of Dianthus; some of which are annual, some perennial, 
and some shrubby. The species are divided into several sections, some of which have the flowers in close clusters, 
and others have the flowers few, or many and loosely panicled. 
SECTION I.— ARMERIASTRUM. 
FLOWERS CAPITATE OR CORYMBOSE, SESSILE OR STALKED. 
1.— DIANTHUS PSEUDO-ARMERIA, Bieb. THE FALSE ARMERIA PINK. 
bearded ; leaves awl-shaped, strict, beset with scabrous pubescence. 
{G.Don.) 
V«HiETY. — There is a variety with a short calyx, and widely- 
spreading bracts. 
SvNONYMES. — D. barbatus, Pall. ; Long-scaled Pink, False Sweet 
William. 
F.NGRAVJNG.— Bot. Mag. t. 2288. 
Specific Character. — Flowers in dense aggregate bundles ; scales 
of calyx ovate, awl-shaped, equal in length to the limb ; petals 1 
Description, &c. — This species bears some resemblance to the Sweet William, but the flowers are smaller 
and the calycine scales longer and more abundant. The petals are also of only one shade, and quite destitute of 
