IiD^ar-spatulate, silky on both surfaces ; legumes ten twelve-seeded, 
furrowed transversely ; root granular. 
OP ORNAMENTAL PERENNIALS. I59 
SO dark as to be almost black at the margin of the petals, but softening into ■white at the base. The leaflets are 
large, and covered •with a silky tomentum, which makes them shine like silver in the sun. It was found by- 
Douglas near the Columbia River, in California, and sent home by him in 1826. It is quite hardy, and flowers 
from May till November, but it will only grow in very light dry soils. It is propagated by dividing the root, 
as it seldom ripens seeds. 
9.— LUPINUS LITTORALIS, Doug. THE SKA-SIDE LUPINE, OR CALIFORNIAN LIQUORICE. 
Engraving.— Bot. Reg. t. 1198. 
Specific Character. — Herbaceous ; flowers verticillate, pedicellate, 
without braiteoles ; both lips of calyx entire ; leaflets five — seven, 
Description, &c. — This species is remarkable for the deep blue of the keel, and the bright pinkish purple of 
the standard. It is a dwarf species, with long creeping roots. In the Botanical Register is the following 
quotation from Douglas's account of this plant : " This species is abundant on the sea-shore, where it binds together 
the loose sand with' its tough branching roots. It is used by the natives of the river Columbia as winter food. 
For this purpose it is prepared by drawing the roots through the fire until all their moisture is dissipated, when 
they are tied up in small bundles, and will keep for several months. For eating, the roots are roasted in the 
embers, *vhen they become farinaceous. It is the liquorice spoken of by Captains Lewis and Clarke, and other 
navigators, who have visited the North-west coast of America." The roots, when chewed, taste sweet, like those 
of the true Liquorice. " The species is a hardy perennial, flowering from June to October, and propagated by 
cuttings, division of the roots, or seed." 
10— LUPINUS ARIDUS, Doug. THE ARID LUPINE. 
entire; leaflets five — nine, linear-lanceolate, villous ; stipules subulate 
(G.Don.) 
Engravijigs. — Bot. Reg. t. 1242; and out fig. 6 in Plate 37. 
Specific Character, — Plant herbaceous, very hairy ; flowers verti- 
cillate, pedicellate, bracteolate ; upper lip of calyx bifid, lower one 
Description, &c. — This beautiful species is said to be only found on the sandy plains of California, exposed 
without the slightest shelter to the rays of the burning sun. The plant in its native country is white, with long 
silky hairs, but in England the hairs disappear ; the flowers are also much darker in this country than in America. 
In England also, it seldom lives above two years, as it cannot bear the moisture of our climate. It is a native 
of the banks of the Columbia, whence it was introduced in 1827. It is propagated by dividing the root, or by 
seed. 
11.— LUPINUS PLUMOSUS, Douglas. THE FEATHERY-PLUMED LUPINE. 
one entire, leaflets five — seven, lanceolate, silky ; legumes glabrous, 
three — five-seeded ; bracteas longer than the flowers, villous, decidu- 
ous. (G. Don.) 
Engraving. — Bot. Reg. t. 1217. 
Specific Character. — Plant herbaceous, very villous ; flowers 
alternate, on short pedicels, bracteolate ; upper lip of calyx bifid, lower 
Description, &c. — This species is a hardy perennial, common in North California, in gravelly soil. It is 
nearly related to L. leucophyllus, but it is distinguished from that species by its larger and less crowded flowers, 
and by its long, deciduous, and shaggy bractese, which project so far beyond the unopened flowers in the upper 
part of the raceme, as to give it the appearance of a plume of feathers. This species, which is very distinct, will 
only grow in very light soil, and it appears to succeed best in peat. It was introduced in 1827, and it is 
propagated by dividing the root, or by seeds. 
